摘要
为解决挖掘机负载模拟系统在复杂工况下响应频率与动态精度低、响应速度慢等问题,以某型挖掘机为研究对象,采用自相关函数和离散傅里叶方法对挖掘机实际负载压力信号进行自相关分析和频谱分析,设计了一种基于比例-积分-微分(PID)控制器的挖掘机负载模拟系统。通过采集挖掘机轻载平整工况和重载挖掘实际工况的负载压力信号对系统进行测试:采用PID开环控制方法,系统整体实现了挖掘机负载模拟,但系统在负载高频变化处跟不上响应。最后采用了PID闭环控制压差的方法对系统进行优化控制。结果表明:系统响应频率提高了33.3%,动态精度提高为0.5%,响应时间提高了6.7%,系统闭环控制比开环控制抗干扰能力更强,能更好地模拟挖掘机的实际负载。
To solve the problems of low response frequency and dynamic accuracy,as well as slow response speed of the excavator load simulation system under complex working conditions,taking a certain type of excavator as the research object,the autocorrelation function and discrete Fourier method were adopted to conduct autocorrelation analysis and spectral analysis on the actual load pressure signal of the excavator.A load simulation system for excavators based on the proportional-integral-derivative controller(PID)controller was designed.Through the collected load pressure signals of the excavator in light load leveling conditions and heavy load excavation conditions,the system adopts PID open-loop control method to simulate the excavator load,but the system cannot keep up with the response at the high frequency change of the load.Finally,PID closed-loop control pressure difference method is used to optimize the system control.The results show that the system response frequency is increased by 33.3%,the dynamic accuracy is increased by 0.5%,and the response time is increased by 6.7%.The closed-loop control system has stronger anti-interference ability than the open-loop control,and can better simulate the actual load of the excavator.
作者
龙峰
易民升
王永红
何晨曦
李文滔
LONG Feng;YI Minsheng;WANG Yonghong;HE Chenxi;LI Wentao(College of Elevator Engineering,Shaoyang Polytechnic,Shaoyang 422000,Hunan,China;College of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Guangxi University of Science and Technology,Liuzhou 545616,Guangxi,China)
出处
《中国工程机械学报》
北大核心
2025年第5期812-817,共6页
Chinese Journal of Construction Machinery
基金
湖南省教育厅科研资助项目(23C0951)
邵阳市科技创新资助项目(2023ZD0156)。
