摘要
高熵陶瓷作为一种新型功能材料,因其高熵化带来的高模量、高硬度、低热导率等优异性能受到国内外的广泛关注。本文首先概述了高熵陶瓷的设计原则,接着根据晶体结构的差异,将高熵氧化物陶瓷分为岩盐型、钙钛矿型、萤石型和尖晶石型等类别,并讨论了它们各自的特性和应用。还详细讨论了高熵氧化物陶瓷的多种制备方法,包括固相反应法、溶胶-凝胶法、共沉淀法以及其他先进方法,如微波烧结技术和放电等离子烧结。此外,高熵氧化物陶瓷因其优异的热学性能、力学性能和催化活性,在锂离子电池材料、热障涂层材料、催化材料和介电材料等领域展现出广泛的应用潜力。最后展望了高熵氧化物陶瓷未来的研究方向,具体包括新体系的开发、设计理论的完善、磁场调控策略的优化以及理论计算的应用等。
As a new type of functional material,high-entropy ceramics have attracted widespread attention at home and abroad due to their excellent properties such as high modulus,high hardness,and low thermal conductivity brought about by high-entropy.This summary first outlined the design principles of high-entropy ceramics,and then divides high-entropy oxide ceramics into categories such as rock salt type,perovskite type,fluorite type,and spinel type based on the differences in crystal structure,and discussed their respective characteristics and applications.Various preparation methods of high-entropy oxide ceramics,including solid state reaction method,sol gel method,coprecipitation method and other advanced methods,such as microwave sintering technology and spark plasma sintering,were also discussed in detail.In addition,high-entropy oxide ceramics had shown extensive application potential in fields such as lithium-ion battery materials,thermal barrier coating materials,catalytic materials,and dielectric materials due to their excellent thermal properties,mechanical properties,and catalytic activity.Finally,the future research directions of high-entropy oxide ceramics were discussed,including the development of new systems,improvement of design theories,optimization of magnetic field control strategies,and application of theoretical calculations.
作者
郭洪飞
张爱迪
赵敏
GUO Hongfei;ZHANG Aidi;ZHAO Min(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Inner Mongolia University of Technology,Hohhot 010051,China)
出处
《材料导报》
北大核心
2025年第24期27-35,共9页
Materials Reports
基金
国家自然科学基金(52465061)
内蒙古自治区科技创新重大示范工程“揭榜挂帅”项目(2024JBGS0035)
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金重点项目(2024ZD26)
教育部中国高校产学研创新基金重点项目(2021ITA05005)
内蒙古自治区重点研发和成果转化计划项目(2023YFJM0007)。
关键词
高熵氧化物
高熵陶瓷
高熵效应
制备方法
high-entropy oxide
high-entropy ceramics
high-entropy effect
preparation method
