摘要
厨余垃圾作为城市生活垃圾的主要组成部分,其高效资源化利用对于缓解环境压力具有重要意义。好氧发酵技术因其能够高效降解厨余垃圾中的有机物、促进资源循环利用受到广泛关注,但仍存在周期长、臭气排放难控、产品品质不稳定等问题,制约其规模化应用。该文从微生物菌剂在厨余垃圾好氧发酵过程中对其有机组分的降解效果、营养元素的固定效果、臭气的减排效果3个方面综述了微生物菌剂优化厨余垃圾好氧发酵的重要机制。此外,该文还综述了微生物菌剂在实际应用过程中所面临的局限性,并对未来研究方向做出展望,以期为提升厨余垃圾资源化利用率、有效降低臭气排放、推动实现可持续发展目标提供理论依据和技术支撑。
As the main component of municipal solid waste,the efficient utilization of kitchen waste is of great significance to alleviate environmental pressure.Aerobic fermentation technology is widely concerned because it can efficiently de⁃grade the organic matter in kitchen waste and promote the recycling of resources.However,there are still some problems such as long cycle,difficult to control odor emission,unstable product quality and so on,which restrict its large-scale ap⁃plication.This paper reviewed the important mechanism of microbial agents optimizing the aerobic fermentation of kitchen waste from three aspects,including the degradation effect of microbial agents on organic components,the fixation ef⁃fect of nutrient elements,and the emission reduction effect of odor in the process of aerobic fermentation of kitchen waste.In addition,this paper also reviewed the limitations of microbial agents in the practical application process,and made prospects for the future research direction,in order to provide a solid theoretical basis and technical support for im⁃proving the utilization rate of kitchen waste,effectively reducing odor emissions,and promoting the realization of sustain⁃able development goals.
作者
燕奕萌
李玉倩
李艳红
李伟
黄彩红
YAN Yimeng;LI Yuqian;LI Yanhong;LI Wei;HUANG Caihong(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541006,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;National Joint Research Center for Ecological Conservation and High Quality Development of the Yellow River Basin,Beijing 100012,China)
出处
《环境科学与技术》
北大核心
2025年第12期206-216,共11页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展联合研究(第一期)项目(2022-YRUC-01-0305)。
关键词
厨余垃圾
好氧发酵
微生物菌剂
养分保全
臭气控制
kitchen waste
aerobic fermentation
microbial agent
nutrient conservation
odor control
