摘要
材料/工艺是制造业发展的基础,尤其对于民用航空产品,其设计、验证以及适航审定离不开材料数据的支撑。尽管国内材料/工艺技术近年来取得显著进步,但受限于材料体系不完善、历史数据积累不足等问题,民用航空发动机材料适航审定仍面临不少困难和挑战。当前主要矛盾集中体现为:民机适航对材料/工艺的高要求与国内材料体系支撑能力不足、问题解决时间紧迫之间的冲突。本文通过解析CCAR33.15等材料适航规章核心要求,对比国内外材料/工艺适航审定现状,梳理出我国在材料规范统计性验证、过程管控机制、设计许用值生成及特种工艺验证等方面的差距;结合审定实践中的主要问题,提出基于国情的技术方案—以国家协同创新机制为依托,构建“规章解读-体系协同-多方联动-技术协同-动态适配”的五维实施路径,通过型号项目驱动企业材料体系完善,以设计需求为导向精准获取验证数据。实践表明,该方案已推动完成600余项材料工艺实验、建立100余份材料规范及1000余条设计用性能曲线,可有效支撑型号合格审定工作。研究成果为完善我国民用航空发动机材料/工艺适航审定管理、推动自主材料应用提供了技术参考。
Materials and processes form the foundation of manufacturing development,especially for civil aviation products,whose design,verification and airworthiness certification are inseparable from the support of material data.Despite significant progress in domestic material and process technologies in recent years,material airworthiness certification of civil aero-engines still faces the challenges of insufficient verification data due to an incomplete material system and inadequate accumulation of historical data.The current primary contradiction is manifested as the conflict between the high requirements of civil aircraft airworthiness for materials/processes,the insufficient support capacity of the domestic material system,and the urgency of solving problems.This paper analyzes the core requirements of airworthiness regulations such as CCAR33.15“Materials”,compares the current situation of domestic and foreign material/process airworthiness certification,and identifies gaps of China in material specification statistical validation,process control mechanisms,design allowable value generation and special processes.Combining practical issues in certification practice,a technology scheme based on national conditions is proposed.Relying on the national collaborative innovation mechanism,a five-dimensional implementation path of“Regulation interpretation-system collaboration-multi-party linkage-technical synergy-dynamic adaptation”is constructed.It promotes the improvement of enterprise material systems through type projects and accurately acquires verification data oriented toward design requirements.Practice shows that this scheme has promoted the completion of over 600 material and process tests,established more than 100 material specifications and over 1000 design performance curves,effectively supporting the type certification work.The research results provide technical references for improving the management of material/process airworthiness certification of civil aero-engines and promoting the application of independent materials.
作者
王永明
何歆
张弓
冯建文
甄博
郭家琛
WANG Yongming;HE Xin;ZHANG Gong;FENG Jianwen;ZHEN Bo;GUO Jiachen(Airworthiness Certification Center,CAAC,Beijing 100102,China)
出处
《航空材料学报》
北大核心
2025年第6期81-88,共8页
Journal of Aeronautical Materials
关键词
适航
民用航空发动机
审定实践
材料/工艺
技术路径
airworthiness
civil aero-engine
certification practice
material/process
technical path
