摘要
在村民自治的制度设置和基层实践中,村民小组治理是其重要基础和关键环节,村组关系的核心不在于自治权的竞争性分配,而在于如何创新治理机制构建“村组双强”的基层自治体系。新时代村民自治的制度基础和社会基础转型催生了村级自治的服务和发展转向,并对村民小组自治发挥基础性功能提出更高要求。基于河南省新密市S村的社会调查发现,将基层党建向村民小组下沉,聚焦小组自治的组织结构、主体动能和空间载体等3个关键要素推动“党建+自治”模式创新,是优化村民自治结构的有效路径。立足村庄社会的“差序格局”、村级治理的“有限责任”和村民参与的“集体行动”特点,通过差序动员机制激发社会资本效能、有限赋责机制健全村民自治的制度保障、空间营造机制夯实村民自治的公共性基础,是党建引领村民自治效能提升的重要路径。新时代党建引领下的村民自治转型应超越“行政—自治”二分视野,并在职能分工和资源互补基础上构建“村组双强”的基层自治体系。
Within the institutional framework and practice of villagers'self-governance,villager groups'governance constitutes a vital foundation and key link.The core of village-group relations lies not in the competitive distribution of autonomous power,but in how to innovate governance mechanisms to construct a primary-level self-governance system characterized by"strong village and strong groups".The transformation of the institutional and social foundations of villagers'self-governance in the new era has prompted a shift towards service and development-oriented village-level selfgovernance,placing higher demands on the foundational role of villager small groups'self-governance.Based on a social survey of Village S in Xinmi,Henan,it is found that extending Party building downwards to the villager small groups,and focusing on innovating the"Party building plus selfgovernance"model through three key elements-organizational structure,actor driving forces,and spatial carriers-is an effective pathway for optimizing the structure of villagers'self-governance.Grounded in the characteristics of the differential order pattern of village society,the limited responsibility of village-level governance,and the collective action nature of villager participation,enhancing the efficacy of villagers'self-governance under Party leadership involves important pathways such as:activating the efficacy of social capital through a differential order mobilization;improving the institutional safeguards for villagers'self-governance through a limited responsibility assignment mechanism;and solidifying the public foundation of villagers'self-governance through a spatial construction mechanism.The transformation of villagers'self-governance under Party leadership in the new era should transcend the"administration-autonomy"dichotomy and build a community-level self-governance system based on functional division and resource complementarity.
作者
毛一敬
刘建平
MAO Yijing;LIU Jianping(School of Public Administration,Hubei University,Wuhan,Hubei 430062,China)
出处
《求实》
北大核心
2025年第6期15-25,M0003,M0004,共13页
Truth Seeking
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“农村基层全过程协商治理机制创新研究”(23CZZ035),负责人:毛一敬。
关键词
党建引领
村民自治
小组治理
村组关系
治理效能
差序动员机制
有限赋责机制
空间营造机制
Party building guidance
villagers'self-governance
small group governance
villagegroup relations
governance efficacy
differential order mobilization mechanism
limited responsibility mechanism
spatial construction mechanism
