摘要
华南陆块江南造山带中段分布大量(变)沉积岩容矿型锑(金钨)矿床。前人针对该区域锑多金属矿床的成矿时代与矿床成因等方面开展了广泛研究并取得诸多成果,但关于锑矿床成矿流体性质及物质来源仍存在争议,这在一定程度上阻碍了对江南造山带锑多金属矿床成因及其区域成矿规律的深入理解。沃溪金锑钨矿床是华南锑多金属矿床的典型代表,其成矿时代为燕山期。然而,对该矿床热液/蚀变矿物的研究相对薄弱,导致对其成矿流体特征和成矿物质源区的认识尚存在较大分歧。本研究首次在沃溪金锑钨矿床含矿石英脉中发现普遍发育的富锂热液矿物。基于野外地质调查和岩相学观察,利用激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)技术分析了矿区褪色化蚀变围岩和含矿石英脉中的锂含量,并对富锂热液矿物开展了EPMA主量元素分析和LA-ICP-MS微量元素分析。结果表明,沃溪矿区发现的富锂热液矿物为锂绿泥石,属于主成矿期热液成因矿物。这一发现不仅丰富了该矿床的成矿矿物组合,还揭示其成矿流体具有锂和锑同富集的特征。结合华南地区其他锑矿床的成矿特征,江南造山带中(变)沉积岩容矿型锑矿普遍表现出富锂现象,锂和锑可能具有同源性,极有可能来源于具有较高Sb-Li含量的新元古界冷家溪群。在锑矿床中开展富锂热液矿物的研究为研究锑的迁移富集成矿机制提供新依据,丰富锑矿的成矿理论。
A significant number of sediment-hosted Sb(Au-W)deposits are situated within the Jiangnan Orogen of the South China Block.Although previous studies have made considerable progress in understanding the metallogenic epochs and ore genesis of antimony polymetallic deposits in this region,there is still no consensus on the material sources of antimony mineralization.This gap impedes a comprehensive understanding of the genesis of antimony polymetallic deposits and regional metallogenic patterns in the Jiangnan Orogen.The Woxi Au-Sb-W deposit represents a typical example of Sb polymetallic deposits in the Jiangnan Orogen of the South China Block.Recent investigations have confirmed that this deposit formed during the Yanshanian period;however,research on the ore-forming mineral assemblages remains incomplete.Furthermore,debates persist regarding the characteristics of the ore-forming fluids and the source of ore-forming materials.This study presents the first documentation of the widespread occurrence of lithium-rich hydrothermal minerals in ore-bearing quartz veins at the Woxi Au-Sb-W deposit.Based on field geological surveys and petrographic observations,Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy(LIBS)was employed to analyze the lithium content in bleached altered surrounding rocks and ore-bearing quartz veins within the mining area.Electron Probe Microanalysis(EPMA)major element analysis and Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS)trace element analysis were conducted on lithium-rich hydrothermal minerals,revealing that cookeite,a hydrothermal mineral from the main mineralization stage,is the dominant lithium-rich phase in the Woxi deposit.This finding further expands the mineral assemblage of the Woxi Au-Sb-W deposit and highlights the characteristic co-enrichment of lithium and antimony in the ore-forming fluids of the Woxi antimony deposit.Combined with metallogenic features observed in other antimony deposits across South China,we propose that the Li-rich phenomenon is widespread in(metamorphic)sediment-hosted Sb deposits in the Jiangnan Orogen of South China.It appears that Li and Sb share a common origin,likely sourced from the Neoproterozoic Lengjiaxi Group,which is known for its elevated Li contents.Investigating Li-rich hydrothermal minerals in Sb deposits provides a novel foundation for exploring the migration,enrichment,and mineralization processes of Sb in these deposits,thereby enhancing the metallogenic theory of Sb mineralization.
作者
徐浩
高剑峰
张世涛
吕翼辉
XU Hao;GAO Jianfeng;ZHANG Shitao;LÜYihui(State Key Laboratory of Critical Mineral Research and Exploration,Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guiyang 550081,Guizhou,China;University of Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100049,China;School of Earth Science and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,Shaanxi,China)
出处
《大地构造与成矿学》
北大核心
2025年第6期1367-1381,I0001-I0003,共18页
Geotectonica et Metallogenia
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC2906802)
国家杰出青年科学基金项目(42025301)
关键矿产与预测全国重点实验室领域前沿项目(202403)联合资助。
关键词
江南造山带
沃溪金锑钨矿床
成矿物质来源
锑-锂共伴生
锂绿泥石
Jiangnan Orogenic Belt
Woxi Au-Sb-W deposit
source of ore-forming materials
Sb-Li co-occurrence
cookeite
