摘要
目的探究山东省毒蘑菇中毒的流行病学特点,并为预防和控制此类中毒提供依据。方法采用描述性统计学方法,分析2012至2024年通过“食源性疾病暴发监测系统”报告的山东省毒蘑菇中毒事件的流行病学数据。结果2012至2024年,山东省共报告毒蘑菇中毒事件290起,发病779人,其中26人死亡,病死率为3.34%。中毒事件多发生在7至9月(占82.76%,240/290),烟台市、潍坊市和威海市为高发区(占56.21%,163/290),家庭是主要的发生场所(占98.62%,286/290)。发病年龄段以≥20岁人群为主(占89.86%,700/779),中毒死亡病例中≥60岁占比最高(占42.31%,11/26)。仅35起中毒事件(12.07%)能够确定毒蘑菇种类,主要为鹅膏菌科、牛肝菌科和环柄菇科毒蘑菇。结论毒蘑菇中毒是山东省食源性疾病死亡的主要原因,应在毒蘑菇中毒高发季节前对重点区域和人群进行科普教育,强调不采、不买、不卖、不食野生蘑菇,同时,亟需提升毒蘑菇的快速鉴定能力,为临床诊断和科学救治提供及时、准确的依据。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of poisonous mushroom poisoning in Shandong Province and provide evidence for its prevention and control.Methods Descriptive statistical methods were used to analyze epidemiological data on poisonous mushroom poisoning incidents in Shandong Province reported through the“Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System”from 2012 to 2024.Results From 2012 to 2024,a total of 290 poisonous mushroom poisoning incidents were reported in Shandong Province,with 779 cases and 26 deaths,resulting in a case-fatality rate of 3.34%.Most poisoning incidents occurred between July and September(82.76%,240/290).Yantai,Weifang,and Weihai were high-incidence areas(56.21%,163/290).households were the main sites of outbreaks(98.62%,286/290).Most cases aged≥20 years(89.86%,700/779),while most deaths aged≥60 years(42.31%,11/26).Only 35 outbreaks(12.07%)could identify the specific mushroom species,mainly from the Amanitaceae,Boletaceae,and Lepiotaceae families.Conclusion Poisonous mushroom poisoning is a leading cause of death from foodborne diseases in Shandong Province.Before the high-incidence season,targeted public education emphasizing refraining from picking,purchasing,selling,or consuming wild mushrooms should be conducted in key areas and among key populations.Concurrently,there is an urgent need to enhance rapid mushroom identification capabilities to support timely clinical diagnosis and evidence-based treatment.
作者
庄茂强
王辛夷
冯雪英
赵忠俊
于京平
庄德宇
肖培瑞
姜迎
宋柬
王克波
褚遵华
张立军
ZHUANG Maoqiang;WANG Xinyi;FENG Xueying;ZHAO Zhongjun;YU Jingping;ZHUANG Deyu;XIAO Peirui;JIANG Ying;SONG Jian;WANG Kebo;CHU Zunhua;ZHANG Lijun(Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shandong Ji’nan 250014,China;Weihai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shandong Weihai 264299,China;Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shandong Yantai 264003,China;Weifang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shandong Weifang 261061,China;Dongying Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shandong Dongying 257000,China)
出处
《中国食品卫生杂志》
北大核心
2025年第7期668-673,共6页
Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene
基金
山东省医药卫生科技发展计划(202312020980)。
关键词
毒蘑菇中毒
流行病学
山东
Poisonous mushroom poisoning
epidemiology
Shandong Province
