摘要
康熙中后期,吏治松弛,盐政紊乱,各地盐务运转几乎难以维持。雍正即位后,针对时弊,大力改革,盐课收入迅速增加,对维系和成就康乾盛世发挥了积极的作用。在河东盐区,雍正首先任用年羹尧清理追赔官员与商人的欠课借款,尽数裁革加派陋规,创设余引加强官盐销售,扭转了混乱局面。其后马喀、硕色等人着力开展报部归公,同时大修渠堰、开垦荒畦,推动河东盐政走向繁荣。孙嘉淦则在查处禁墙工程问题的基础上,进一步完善报部归公、防治私盐等事项,使得河东盐政在雍乾之际出现了一个产、运、销、管全面发展的高峰期。
During the mid-to-late Kangxi period,administrative laxity and systemic disorders in salt administration brought salt operations across various regions to the brink of collapse.Upon ascending the throne,the Yongzheng Emperor implemented vigorous reforms targeting these malpractices,which led to a rapid increase in salt tax revenue and played a positive role in sustaining and consolidating the prosperity of the High Qing era.In the Hedong salt zone,Nian Gengyao was first appointed to recover overdue taxes from officials and merchants,abolish arbitrary surcharges and customary fees,and introduce additional salt licenses to bolster official salt sales,thereby reversing the chaotic situation.Subsequently,officials such as Maka and Shuose focused on reporting revenues to the central ministry and reclaiming illicit income for public use,while also undertaking large-scale repairs of canals and embankments and reclaiming abandoned salt pans,which propelled the Hedong salt administration toward prosperity.Building on these efforts,Sun Jiagan further improved the system of revenue reporting and public management,while also strengthening measures against salt smuggling.These reforms ushered in a peak period of comprehensive development in production,transport,sales and management of the Hedong salt administration during the transition from the Yongzheng to the Qianlong era.
作者
咸增强
贾瑞
XIAN Zengqiang;JIA Rui
出处
《盐业史研究》
2025年第4期65-72,共8页
Salt Industry History Research
基金
山西省运城盐湖保护利用研究院“揭榜挂帅”项目“文旅融合背景下河东盐文化活化利用研究”(项目编号:YHYJ-2023010)
山西省晋商文化基金会专项课题“《敕修河东盐法志》校释与研究”(项目编号:2024JSKT42)的阶段性成果。
关键词
雍正时期
河东盐政
年羹尧
孙嘉淦
Yongzheng era
Hedong salt administration
Nian Gengyao
Sun Jiagan
