摘要
人工智能(AI)正在深刻重塑区域国别学的研究范式,推动该学科迈入以“双向赋能”为特征的第三次范式转型。区域国别学历经冷战时期的战略智库导向,逐步演进至具有中国特色的话语体系与研究模式。人工智能在数据采集、复杂系统建模和跨文化交流等方面提供了全新的研究工具与方法,有效提升了区域研究的广度与精度,增强了对政治动荡、经济趋势等复杂系统的预测能力。同时,人工智能有助于突破语言障碍,拓展了知识生产的边界。在此基础上,区域国别学也在反哺人工智能本身的演进。通过构建全球南方知识库、推动算法的文化适配以及参与人工智能伦理治理实践,区域国别学促进人工智能技术朝着多元化与包容性的方向发展。然而,数据偏见、算法透明性不足及伦理风险等问题,依然构成当前人机协同过程中的核心挑战。构建“人机协同”的研究范式,不仅有助于发挥人工智能在效率与处理能力方面的技术优势,也能够保有人文社会科学深层次的价值洞察,从而推动区域国别学向更智能化、精准化与可持续的发展方向迈进。
Artificial Intelligence(AI)is fundamentally reshaping the research paradigm of Country and Region Studies,ushering the discipline into its third paradigm shift,characterized by a dynamic of“mutual empowerment”.This paper traces the evolution of Country and Region Studies from its origins as a colonial knowledge system and its transformation into a strategic,think-tank-driven tool during the Cold War,highlighting the inherent limitations of these earlier paradigms,such as cognitive biases and instrumentalism.It argues that a third wave,featuring unique Chinese characteristics,is now emerging.This new paradigm reorients research goals toward building a“Community with a Shared Future”,champions a“Human-Centered AI”methodology,and is built upon a mechanism of reciprocal empowerment between technology and domain expertise.The paper first elaborates on how AI empowers Country and Region Studies across three key dimensions.First,in data collection,AI enables a“total-domain perception”that overcomes traditional data limitations.This is demonstrated through macro-level analysis using AI-enhanced platforms like GDELT to monitor media across nations and micro-level applications such as using computer vision with drones to precisely monitor agricultural yields in Africa.Second,in complex system modeling,AI facilitates dynamic simulations of non-linear socio-political systems.The paper presents an AI warning model for political instability based on the“Social Combustion Theory”,which achieved high predictive accuracy in Southeast Asian test cases.Crucially,it introduces the concept of“Cultural Calibration”,a human-machine collaborative method to correct AI’s“cultural blind spots”by incorporating expert knowledge on endogenous stability mechanisms,such as the Shura(consultation)system in Islamic governance.Third,AI is dissolving language barriers,demonstrated by advanced models like MiniCPM-Llama3-V 2.5 and innovative pedagogical applications like the“Virtual UN”project,which significantly enhances students’intercultural empathy and communication skills.Subsequently,the paper details the reciprocal empowerment,or the“technical reciprocation”,from Country and Region Studies back to AI’s development.This is achieved through three pathways.First,by leading a data supply-side reform,Country and Region Studies scholars are constructing vital knowledge bases for the Global South,such as the“Digital Silk Road”platform,to counteract the data bias inherent in mainstream AI models trained predominantly on English-language corpora.Second,the discipline facilitates algorithmic cultural adaptation.This involves embedding non-Western cognitive frameworks into AI,such as adapting financial algorithms to the principles of Islamic finance and integrating Eastern philosophical concepts like“Harmonious Thinking”to enhance AI’s soft reasoning capabilities in complex negotiations.Third,Country and Region Studies contributes to ethical risk governance by providing the deep cultural understanding needed to build culturally sensitive auditing mechanisms,thereby preventing incidents like the proliferation of hate speech in diverse cultural contexts.Finally,the paper addresses the core challenges that persist,namely data inequality,the“black-box”nature of algorithms,and ethical risks.It concludes by strongly advocating for the establishment of a“human-machine collaboration”paradigm.This model is essential not only to leverage AI’s technical advantages in efficiency and processing power but also to preserve the deep,value-based,and causal insights of the humanities and social sciences.By fostering this synergy,Country and Region Studies can advance toward a more intelligent,precise,and sustainable development trajectory in the age of AI.
作者
王淼
翟东升
李雪景
冯梦荻
WANG Miao;DI Dong-sheng;LI Xue-jing;FENG Meng-di(Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin,150001,China;School of Global and Area Studies,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;School of International Studies,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)
出处
《西北大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第6期106-115,共10页
Journal of Northwest University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition
基金
国家语言文字关键研究领域计划创新团队项目(LH24TD06)。
关键词
人工智能
区域国别学
双向赋能
人类命运共同体
全球南方
Artificial Intelligence(AI)
Country and Region Studies
paradigm shift
community with a shared future for mankind
global south
