摘要
【目的】城市化进程的不断推进加剧了人与自然的疏离,城市园林因而成为居民最为便捷可达的康养空间。本研究旨在比较城市公园中常见观赏竹种的滞尘效应,为其在园林康养功能开发与应用设计方面提供科学依据。【方法】以城市公园中6种常见观赏竹为研究对象,依据植株大小设置样方,每种竹随机选定3株齐地面砍伐以测定个体形态参数(高度、地径、鲜质量)。使用激光叶面积仪测定每株100片随机单叶的面积。在连续降雨结束7 d后,随机采集各竹种叶片100片,采用降尘分析(重量法)测定其含尘量,并利用扫描电镜观察叶表面微结构特征。【结果】6个竹种个体形态参数(高度、地径、鲜质量)以毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis)为最高,紫竹(Phyllostachys nigra)和孝顺竹(Bambusa multiplex)次之,凤尾竹(Bambusa multiplex cv.Fernleaf)与阔叶箬竹(Indocalamus latifolius)再次,菲白竹(Pleioblastus fortunei)最小。叶面积指数以孝顺竹最高,毛竹、菲白竹、凤尾竹、紫竹次之,阔叶箬竹最低。叶片平衡滞尘量显示,菲白竹与阔叶箬竹的吸附能力相对较高,分别约为8.7 g/m^(2)和8.2 g/m ^(2);孝顺竹、毛竹、凤尾竹和紫竹的平衡滞尘量则介于6.2~7.3 g/m^(2)之间。扫描电镜观察表明,6个竹种叶片背面均存在明显的点状与纹理状突起物,平行分布形成沟槽;其中阔叶箬竹沟槽最为宽大,菲白竹与孝顺竹次之,紫竹与凤尾竹相对较窄。【结论】综合考量竹种的个体形态特征及实际栽植密度,在单位林地面积上,阔叶箬竹的实际滞尘量最高(达77.43 g/m^(2)),其次为孝顺竹、凤尾竹和紫竹,毛竹较低,菲白竹最低(仅3.69 g/m^(2))。
【Objective】The deepening of urbanization has resulted in a significant separation between humans and the natural environment,and urban gardens have become the most convenient and accessible health and wellness spaces for residents.This study focused on six kinds of bamboo commonly found in urban gardens.The dust retention capacities were compared,to provide a scientific basis for the development and design of bamboo forest therapy in gardens.【Method】Quadrats were set according to the size of bamboo in urban parks,and three plants from each quadrat were randomly selected to cut flush with the ground to measure individual parameters.The area of 100 randomly selected leaves per plant was measured using a laser leaf area instrument.After continuous rain for seven days,100 leaves were randomly collected to determine the dust content by dust fall analysis method.The surface microstructure of the leaves were observed using scanning electron microscopy.【Result】Among the six selected bamboos,Phyllostachys edulis exhibited the highest individual parameters(height,ground diameter,and fresh weight),followed by Phyllostachys nigra,Bambusa multiplex,then Bambusa multiplex cv.Fernleaf and Indocalamus latifolius,and lastly Pleioblastus fortunei.The highest leaf area index was found in Bambusa multiplex,followed by Phyllostachys edulis,Pleioblastus fortunei,Bambusa multiplex cv.Fernleaf,Phyllostachys nigra and Indocalamus latifolius.In terms of leaf adsorption capacity,the balance dust retention capacity of Pleioblastus fortunei and Indocalamus latifolius was relatively high,reaching 8.7 g/m^(2) and 8.2 g/m^(2),respectively,while the balance dust retention capacities of Bambusa multiplex,Phyllostachys edulis,Bambusa multiplex cv.Fernleaf and Phyllostachys nigra ranged from 6.2 g/m^(2) to 7.3 g/m^(2).Scanning electron microscopy showed that there was obvious punctiform and textured protrusions on the back of the leaves of all six bamboos,distributed in parallel to form grooves.The grooves of Indocalamus latifolius were the widest,followed by Pleioblastus fortunei and Bambusa multiplex,then Phyllostachys nigra and Bambusa multiplex cv.Fernleaf.【Conclusion】According to the individual morphology and planting characteristics of different bamboos,Indocalamus latifolius had the highest actual dust retention capacity(up to 77.43 g/m^(2))in the actual environment,followed by Bambusa multiplex,Bambusa multiplex cv.Fernleaf,Phyllostachys nigra,and Phyllostachys edulis.The dust retention capacity of Pleioblastus fortunei is the lowest,maintaining at 3.69 g/m^(2).
作者
王锐涵
张青萍
WANG Ruihan;ZHANG Qingping(College of Art&Design,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;College of Landscape Architecture,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)
出处
《南京林业大学学报(自然科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第6期231-237,共7页
Journal of Nanjing Forestry University:Natural Sciences Edition
基金
江苏省高等学校基础科学(自然科学)研究面上项目(23KJB2220006)。
关键词
竹林康养
观赏竹
滞尘效应
叶面积
叶表面微结构
bamboo forests therapy
ornamental bamboo
dust retention capacity
leaf area
leaf surface microstructure
