摘要
随着我国社会迈入生态文明发展新阶段,林业事业被赋予了更高层次的使命与要求,森林全周期经营成为林业工作者践行生态文明思想的基本要求。全周期经营需要以森林发育演替理论为依据,以人类对生态系统的功能需求为导向,规划从森林形成到成熟的全过程经营和管理,其目标与模式设计直接影响到林业的生态、经济和社会效益。本研究基于文献分析、理论模式比较和多学科视角整合,系统梳理不同自然条件和经营目标下全周期设计模式的理论基础、影响机制、划分指标、实现路径和应用价值,提出基于森林生态系统发育演替规律的5种全周期经营模式,并重点阐述各模式的理论依据、基本概念、阶段划分方法和应用条件。研究明确了在经营目标的引导下,将对象、方法、指标与处理等系统过程要素有机集成为“完整森林经营工艺过程”的关键技术特征及其对现代林业发展的价值。在此基础上,提出适应气候变化与自然保护政策约束的多功能森林生态系统经营的全周期设计架构和优化策略,为推进人与自然和谐共生的林业实践和协同发展提供理论支撑与技术路径。
As China's society enters a new stage of ecological civilization,forestry is entrasted with increasing demands to align with sustainability goals.Life-cycle forest management has become a fundamental requirement for forestry workers to practice the concept of ecological civilization.Grounded in forest development and succession theory and guided by human demands for ecosystem functionality,this management framework emphasizes the comprehensive planning and stewardship from stand establishment to forest maturity.Its design and objectives directly affect the ecological,economic,and social outcomes of forestry development.Based on literature analysis,theoretical model comparison,and interdisciplinary integration,this study systematically reviews the theoretical foundations,influencing factors,classification indicators,implementation pathways,and practical value of life-cycle management models under varying natural conditions and management objectives.Based on the developmental trajectories of forest ecosystems.,five distinct life-cycle management models are proposed,each with clear theoretical bases,core concepts,stage-division methods,and application conditions.A key technical feature lies in integrating management objectives,methods,indicators,and treatments into a coherent“complete forest management process”,forming a systematic framework for modern forestry development.Building on this foundation,the study further proposes a design architecture and optimization strategy for multifunctional forest ecosystem management that respond to climate change adaptation and natural conservation policy constraints.These results provide theoretical guidance and technical pathways for advancing forestry practices toward harmonious coexistence between humans and nature.
作者
陆元昌
雷相东
谢阳生
刘宪钊
周超凡
芮飞燕
马进
Yuanchang;LEI Xiangdong;XIE Yangsheng;LIU Xianzhao;ZHOU Chaofan;RUI Feiyan;MA Jin(Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100091,China;Beijing Zhonglin Union Forestry Planning and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China)
出处
《南京林业大学学报(自然科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第6期1-12,共12页
Journal of Nanjing Forestry University:Natural Sciences Edition
基金
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2200504)。
关键词
森林全周期经营
森林发育和演替
近自然经营
阶段划分
经营模式
life-cycle forest management
forest development and succession
close-to-nature management
stage classification
management models
