摘要
为分析水动力条件变化对赣江尾闾四大家鱼产卵生境的影响,通过耦合二维水动力模型和基于模糊逻辑法的栖息地适宜度模型,构建了鱼类产卵生境的物理栖息地模型,进而模拟了不同流量下赣江尾闾四大家鱼产卵适宜区的空间分布,分析了其产卵生境加权可利用面积的变化规律,明确了产卵所需的适宜生态流量。结果表明:当流量较小时,主支整体适宜度高于中支、南支,当流量较大时,主支整体适宜度下降明显,中支、南支适宜度增大;四大家鱼产卵生境加权可利用面积随着流量增加呈先增大后减小的趋势,相较于小流量,加权可利用面积在大流量下的减少速度更快,当流量为4 200 m^(3)/s时,加权可利用面积达到最大,占研究区面积的22.97%;四大家鱼产卵生境的适宜生态流量为3 500~4 800 m^(3)/s,最适宜生态流量为4 200 m^(3)/s。
To analyze the status of spawning habitat for the four major Chinese carps in the lower reaches of the Ganjiang River under varying hydrodynamic conditions,a physical habitat model for fish spawning habitat was established by coupling the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model and the habitat suitability model based on the fuzzy logic method.This model was used to simulate the spatial distribution of suitable spawning areas for the four major carps in the lower reaches of the Ganjiang River under different flow rates,to analyze the variation patterns of the weighted usable area(WUA)of spawning habitat,and to determine the appropriate ecological flow required for spawning.The results show that the overall suitability of the main branch was higher than that of the middle branch and the south branch when the flow rate was low.When the flow was high,the overall suitability of the main branch decreased obviously while the suitability of the middle branch and the south branch increased.The WUA of spawning habitat increased initially and then decreased with increasing flow rate.Compared with the low-flow condition,the WUA decreased faster under the high-flow condition.When the flow rate was 4200 m^(3)/s,the WUA was the largest,accounting for 22.97%of the study area.The suitable ecological flow range of spawning habitat for the four major Chinese carps was between 3500 and 4800 m^(3)/s,and the optimum ecological flow was 4200 m^(3)/s.
作者
王克军
陈锐琪
毛劲乔
张培培
WANG Kejun;CHEN Ruiqi;MAO Jingqiao;ZHANG Peipei(Jiangxi Ganfu Weilv Renovation Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang 330025,China;College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)
出处
《水利水电科技进展》
北大核心
2025年第6期120-125,共6页
Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52279013,52279055)。
关键词
产卵生境
四大家鱼
模糊逻辑法
物理栖息地模型
生境模拟
赣江尾闾
spawning habitat
four major Chinese carps
fuzzy logic method
physical habitat model
habitat simulation
lower reaches of the Ganjiang River
