摘要
斗栱是由斗、栱、昂等组件层层堆叠组合而成,组件间的木销连接性能是影响斗栱整体水平承载性能的关键因素。为探明斗栱组件间的连接性能,以宋式二等材五铺作斗栱为研究对象,分析斗栱内部组件构造特征并进行归类,总结得到柱头榫(ZTS)、栱销(GX)、斗销(DX)、栔销(QX)等4种典型木销连接形式,设计并开展了4组12个试件的低周反复荷载试验,获得并分析破坏形态、滞回曲线、骨架曲线等。结果表明:斗栱破坏形态主要表现为木销的嵌压变形、折断破坏,以及部分组件斗耳、卯口劈裂破坏;柱头榫、栱销、斗销连接滞回曲线具有明显的滑移摩擦效应,栔销滞回曲线狭长具有旗帜型特点;木销的弹性刚度、屈服荷载及极限荷载随木销截面的增大而增大,相较于栱销(斗销),柱头榫的弹性刚度、屈服荷载分别为其3.15倍(4.0倍)、2.84倍(7.09倍)。根据试验结果,总结归纳木销摩擦剪切和弯曲剪切两种受力作用,推导出斗栱组件连接水平承载力理论力学模型。将理论计算骨架曲线与试验骨架曲线进行对比,二者在弹性阶段基本重合,屈服阶段的理论计算值略大于试验值,弹性刚度和屈服荷载的计算结果与试验结果的最大误差在20%以内。
Dougong is composed of Dou,Gong,Ang and other components.The performance of wooden dowel connection between components is the key factor affecting the overall horizontal bearing performance of dougong.To investigate their interconnection mechanisms,this study focused on a Song-style second-grade five-layer dougong system.Through analysis of internal structural features and classification of components,four typical wooden dowel connection types were identified:Zhutou tenon(ZTS),Gong dowel(GX),Dou dowel(DX),and Qi dowel(QX).Four sets of 12 specimens were subjected low-cycle reversed loading tests.Their failure modes,hysteretic loops,and skeletal curves were analyzed.Results reveal that the failure modes primarily include wooden dowel compression deformation,fracture failure,and splitting of bracket ears and mortise.The hysteretic loops of Zhutou tenon,Gong dowel,Dou dowel connections exhibit significant slip-friction effects,while Qi dowel's narrow hysteretic loop displays a flag-like characteristic.The elastic stiffness,yield load,and ultimate load of wooden pins increase proportionally with cross-sectional size.Compared to Gong dowel(Dou dowel),Zhutou tenon's elastic stiffness and yield load are 3.15 times(4.0 times)and 2.84 times(7.09 times)higher,respectively.Based on experimental findings,two loading mechanisms,frictional shear and bending shear,were identified.A theoretical mechanical model for horizontal load-bearing connections in dougong components was developed.The theoretical skeleton curves closely match the experimental results in elastic stages but exhibit slightly higher yield values than experimental results.The maximum errors between calculated and experimental values of both elastic stiffness and yield load remain within 20%,validating the model's accuracy.
作者
刘杏杏
陆伟东
吴伟强
王书珩
LIU Xingxing;LU Weidong;WU Weiqiang;WANG Shuheng(College of Civil Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211816,China;Nanjing Gongda Construction Engineering Technology Co.,TL,Nanjing 211800,China;Jiangsu Province Urban and Rural Historical Architectural Heritage Conservation Key Laboratory,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211816,China)
出处
《建筑结构学报》
北大核心
2025年第11期67-81,共15页
Journal of Building Structures
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52378240)。
关键词
古建筑木结构
铺作
斗栱组件
木销
拟静力试验
理论力学模型
ancient architectural wooden structure
Puzuo
Dougong bracket component
wooden dowel
quasistatic test
theoretical mechanical model
