摘要
蒙东地区软岩边坡露天煤矿滑坡具有多极性及旋转性特征,为探明滑坡形成机制及变形机理,以蒙东地区某多级旋转滑坡为研究对象,基于研究区多级旋转滑坡的基本特征分析,通过室内岩土物理力学特性试验探讨软岩力学性质在不同含水率下的变化规律;结合全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)边坡监测数据及滑坡应力状态,分析滑体不同位置的运动特征、滑体自身的运移规律、滑坡各个阶段的运移状态,以及滑坡体各个位置的应力作用方式;通过边坡稳定性验算,分析边坡沿其他弱层位置滑动下的稳定性及边坡沿不同深度弱层滑动的稳定状态,推测滑坡的后期形变趋势;基于数值模拟方法,建立1500 m×1000 m×360 m的三维边坡模型,通过分析边坡变形过程中位移和等效塑性应变变化,揭示多级旋转滑坡的失稳模式。结果表明:边坡软岩受地下水影响较大,滑坡形成受软岩弱层控制,是岩土体渐进性形变的主要因素;滑坡整体具有向南侧及向深部扩展的趋势,整个滑坡形变过程可以划分为滑坡孕育及弱层活化、滑坡蠕滑及加速失稳、滑坡扩展及主滑面形成、滑坡多级扩展失稳4个阶段。
The landslide of open-pit coal mine with soft rock slope in eastern Inner Mongolia has the characteristics of multi-polarity and rotation.In order to explore the formation mechanism and deformation mechanism of landslide,a multi-stage rotational landslide in eastern Inner Mongolia was selected as the research object.Based on the analysis of the basic characteristics of the multistage rotational landslide in the study area,the variation law of the mechanical properties of soft rock under different water contents is discussed through the indoor rock and soil physical and mechanical properties test.Combined with global navigation satellite system(GNSS)slope monitoring data and the stress state of the landslide,the motion characteristics of different positions of the sliding body and the migration law of the sliding body itself,the migration state of each stage of the landslide,the stress action mode of each position of the landslide body are analyzed.Through the calculation of slope stability,the stability of the slope sliding along other weak layers and the stable state of the slope sliding along the weak layer at different depths are analyzed,and the later deformation trend of the landslide is speculated.Based on the numerical simulation method,a three-dimensional slope model of 1500 m×1000 m×360 m is established.By analyzing the changes of displacement and equivalent plastic strain in the process of slope deformation,the instability mode of multi-stage rotational landslide is revealed.The results show that the soft rock of slope is greatly affected by groundwater,and the formation of landslide is controlled by the weak layer of soft rock,which is the main factor of progressive deformation of rock and soil mass;the landslide has a tendency to expand to the south and to the deep,the whole landslide deformation process can be divided into four stages:landslide incubation and weak layer activation,landslide creep and accelerated instability,landslide expansion and main sliding surface formation,landslide multi-stage expansion and instability.
作者
李金典
LI Jindian(China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Shenyang Research Institute,Fushun 113122,China;State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Ecology Protection in Open-pit Coal Mines,Fushun 113122,China)
出处
《煤矿安全》
北大核心
2025年第11期150-156,共7页
Safety in Coal Mines
基金
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2023YFF1306001)。
