摘要
针对现有残膜作业机性能不稳定、回收混合物含杂高、打包装置复杂等问题,本文提出柔性钉齿捡拾、输送、分离残膜及横向排杂的捡拾分离方法,利用V形带式残膜滚搓成捆原理,设计了一种柔性钉齿式残膜捡拾打包作业机。研究柔性钉齿式捡拾机构、脱膜装置、V形打包装置等关键部件运动学和动力学特性,分析关键部件结构尺寸、排布和工作参数,获得起膜装置转速为218.2 r/min,连续捡膜钉齿齿尖线速度为1.93~2.33 m/s,分析脱膜过程受力情况,得到有效脱膜转速为96~116 r/min,分析计算打包受力及运动参数,得到打包带线速度为1.38~2.00 m/s。基于ANSYS和SPH(Smoothed particle hydrodynamics)耦合的方法,构建了钉齿捡膜模拟计算模型,获得捡膜过程中残膜应力变化,其平均峰值应力为0.213 3 MPa,对比覆盖180 d的当季表层残膜抗拉强度,验证捡拾机构设计合理性。样机试验结果表明,当机具前进速度为6 km/h、钉齿线速度为2.33 m/s、打包带线速度为1.62 m/s时,连续作业5 hm2的平均残膜拾净率为89.7%,回收混合物含杂率为28.6%,膜包成型率为100%,平均膜包密度为90.2 kg/m^(3),试验结果满足国家与行业标准性能要求,为残膜回收打包机研发提供技术参考。
Aiming to solve some problems of existing residual film operation machinery,such as unstable operation performance,high impurity content of recycling mixture and complex structure of packaging device,a method of picking up,transporting,separating residual film and removing impurities by flexible nail teeth was proposed.Based on the principle of rolling and rubbing the V type belt residual film into bundles,a flexible nail teeth type of residual film picking and strapping machine was designed.The kinematics and dynamics characteristics of essential components such as flexible nail teeth picking mechanism,stripping device,and strapping device were researched.The structure size,arrangement,and working parameters of essential components were analyzed.The rotation speed of the film lifting device was 218.2 r/min.The critical range of tooth tip linear velocity of continuous film picking was 1.93~2.33 m/s.The force of the stripping process was analyzed,and the effective stripping speed was 96~116 r/min.The force and motion parameters of strapping were analyzed and calculated,and the suitable strapping linear velocity was 1.38~2.00 m/s.Using the coupling method of ANSYS and smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)to construct the simulation calculation model of the tooth-picking film,the stress change and average peak stress of the residual film was obtained,and compared with the tensile strength of the surface residual film covering 180 days in the current season to verify the design rationality of the picking mechanism.The prototype verification test showed that when the forward speed of the machine was 6 km/h,the linear speed of the pick-up tooth was 2.33 m/s and the linear speed of the strapping belt was 1.62 m/s.The average residual film pick-up rate of 5 hectares of continuous operation was 89.7%,the impurity rate of the recycled mixture was 28.6%,the film package forming rate was 100%,and the film package density was 90.2 kg/m^(3).The test results accorded with the performance requirements of national and industry standards and provided technical references for the research and development of residual film recycling packers.
作者
史增录
姚洁婷
张学军
刘小鹏
杨龙飞
张朝书
刘蕾
SHI Zenglu;YAO Jieting;ZHANG Xuejun;LIU Xiaopeng;YANG Longfei;ZHANG Chaoshu;LIU Lei(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory ofIntelligent Agricultural Equipment,Urumqi 830052,China;Aksu City Tiandi Agricultural Machinery Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Aksu 843000,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
北大核心
2025年第11期308-319,共12页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2023B02011-2)
新疆维吾尔自治区天山青年计划项目(2020Q015)。
关键词
残膜作业机
残膜捡拾打包
柔性钉齿式
residual film operation machine
residual film picking and strapping
flexible nail teeth type
