摘要
在驾驶船舶航行中,值班驾驶员面对近距离船舶避碰时,常因缺乏清晰处置思路陷入被动,“桑吉”轮碰撞案便是典型例证。此案中,值班驾驶员对近距离碰撞危险的“视而不见”,最终导致悲剧发生。从技术层面看,“桑吉”轮值班驾驶员对雷达设备操作不熟练,未能及时精准捕捉“长峰水晶”轮动态,且过度依赖自动化系统,未进行人工复核,致使碰撞危险信号被忽视。环境维度上,事故发生海域当时可能存在能见度不佳、船舶交通流密集等情况,干扰驾驶员对危险的判断。心理层面,驾驶员面对突发近距离会遇态势,因经验不足产生紧张、慌乱情绪,打乱正常避碰决策流程。疲劳与压力因素也不容忽视,长时间值班让驾驶员精力透支,注意力难以集中,同时航运任务紧迫带来的压力,进一步降低其对碰撞危险的敏感度。针对上述问题,可采取针对性预防举措:加强驾驶员雷达操作、近距离避碰处置等技能培训,融入模拟实操场景;优化值班制度,避免疲劳驾驶;关注船员心理健康,提供压力疏导支持;完善船舶瞭望设备维护,确保技术保障到位。这些举措能为提升船舶航行安全、减少船员技能不足引发的碰撞事故提供有力参考。
During ship navigation,duty officers often fell into passivity due to lack of clear disposal ideas when facing close-range ship collision avoidance,and the collision case of the“Sanchi”vessel was a typical example.In this case,the duty officer's“turning a blind eye”to the close-range collision risk ultimately led to the tragedy.From the technical level,the duty officer of the“Sanchi”was not proficient in radar equipment operation,failing to timely and accurately capture the dynamics of the“Changfeng”vessel.They also over-relied on automated systems without manual review,resulting in the neglect of collision risk signals.In terms of the environmental dimension,the sea area may have poor visibility and dense ship traffic when the accident occurred,interfering with the officer's judgment of risks.On the psychological aspect,facing the sudden close-range meeting situation,the officer experienced tension and panic due to insufficient experience,disrupting the normal collision avoidance decision-making process.Fatigue and pressure factors cannot be ignored either.Long-term on-duty work exhausted the officer's energy and made it difficult to concentrate.Meanwhile,the pressure brought by tight shipping tasks further reduced their sensitivity to collision risks.To address the above issues,targeted preventive measures can be taken:strengthen officers'skill training in radar operation and close-range collision avoidance disposal,incorporating simulated practical scenarios;optimize the on-duty system to avoid fatigue driving;pay attention to crew mental health and provide stress counseling support;improve the maintenance of ship lookout equipment to ensure adequate technical support.These measures can provide strong reference for enhancing ship navigation safety and reducing collision accidents caused by insufficient crew skills.
作者
毕修颖
沈海青
李文愚
BI Xiu-ying;SHEN Hai-qing;LI Wen-yu(Navigation College,Guangzhou Maritime University,Guangzhou Guangdong 510725,China;China Ocean Industry Association,Taipei 222,China)
出处
《广州航海学院学报》
2025年第3期25-30,共6页
Journal of Guangzhou Maritime University
基金
广州市教育局高校科研项目(202032779)
广东省普通高校重点科研平台和特色创新类项目(2020GCZX004,2023KTSCX115)。
关键词
避碰值班
“桑吉”轮案
近距离避碰
碰撞危险
航行安全
collision avoidance duty
the“Sanji”collision accident
avoid collision at close-range
collision risk
navigation safety
