摘要
为筛选有效的抗旱节水指标,加速抗旱节水小麦品种的培育,本研究以42份新疆春小麦种质为试验材料,在小麦全生育期分别设置干旱节水和充分灌溉两种处理,测定了10项关键农艺与生理指标,通过抗旱指数(DI值)、隶属函数综合评价值(D值)、聚类分析和主成分分析等方法对小麦种质进行综合评价。结果表明,与充分灌溉相比,干旱节水处理下株高、产量、千粒重、容重、叶绿素含量等指标不同程度的降低;试验组多项氧化应激相关指标呈现出不同的变化,包括过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶及超氧化物歧化酶的活性明显增强,同时脯氨酸与丙二醛的积累量也呈现增加趋势。DI值和主成分分析表明,株高、产量、容重、丙二醛含量和超氧化物歧化酶活性是评价小麦抗旱节水性的关键指标;D值作为综合评价指标,能全面反映小麦的抗旱节水性。最终通过聚类分析,将42份小麦种质分为3种抗旱节水类型,其中强抗旱节水型9份、中抗旱节水型11份、弱抗旱节水型22份。该研究为小麦成熟期的抗旱节水性鉴定和种质筛选提供了理论依据。
In order to screen effective drought-resistant and water-saving indicators and expedite the breeding of drought-resistant and water-saving wheat varieties,this study used 42 Xinjiang spring wheat germplasm accessions as experimental materials.Two treatments(drought and water saving and full irrigation)were implemented throughout the entire growth period of the wheat.Ten key agronomic and physiological parameters were measured.A comprehensive evaluation of the wheat germplasms was conducted using the drought-resistance index(DI-value),drought-resistance comprehensive evaluation values(D-value),cluster analysis,and principal component analysis.The results showed that the drought and water-saving caused varying degrees of reduction in plant height,grain yield,1000-grain weight,bulk density,and chlorophyll content,compared with fully irrigated.Several oxidative stress-related indicators exhibited significant changes under drought stress,including enhanced activities of peroxidase,catalase and superoxide dismutase,as well as increased accumulation of proline and malondialdehyde.The DI-values and principal component analysis identified that plant height,yield,bulk density,malondialdehyde content and superoxide dismutase activity as critical indicators for assessing drought-resistance and water-saving performance in wheat.The D-value,as a comprehensive evaluation index,effectively reflected the drought-resistance and water-saving capacity of wheat.Finally,cluster analysis categorized the 42 wheat germplasms into three drought-resistance and watersaving groups:9 with strong types,11 with moderate types,and 22 with weak types.This study provides a theoretical basis for the identification and germplasm screening of wheat varieties with improved droughtresistance and water-saving performance at maturity.
作者
金永伟
朱静
王昊博
王春生
赵准
夏建强
耿洪伟
张跃强
JIN Yongwei;ZHU Jing;WANG Haobo;WANG Chunsheng;ZHAO Zhun;XIA Jianqiang;GENG Hongwei;ZHANG Yueqiang(College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052;Crop Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Physiological Ecology and Tillage of Desert Oasis Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Water-Saving Agriculture,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830091;Biological Breeding Laboratory,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830091)
出处
《核农学报》
北大核心
2026年第1期138-148,共11页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
“天山英才培养计划”-科技创新领军人才(2024TSYCLJ0042)
人工合成小麦及其衍生系抗旱耐热基因发掘与利用(32061143040)
新疆维吾尔自治区小麦产业技术体系(XJARS-01-05)。
关键词
小麦
抗旱节水性
综合评价
D值
种质筛选
wheat
drought-resistant and water-saving
comprehensive evaluation
D-value
germplasm screening
