摘要
Ecotourism is an important field focusing on balancing ecological conservation and community development within national parks.By promoting the small-scale utilization of natural resources,it facilitates conservation on a broader scale.However,balancing the relationship among nature conservation,economic development,and local community development remains to be addressed.To understand the relationships among ecological conservation,community development,and tourism growth in national parks,this study proposed an ecotourism sustainability assessment framework based on the sustainable development theory.The framework encompassed the following dimensions:Nature Environment,Social Culture,Community Economy,Recreation Technology,and Public Management,which can be further divided into 18 indicators.Performance assessment results showed that the overall ecotourism development performance(3.5526)of the Wuyishan National Park was at an upper level but fell short of the ideal.From the perspective of strategy optimization,at the dimensional level,Recreation Technology should be prioritized,followed by Public Management,Community Economy,Social Culture,and Nature Environment.At the indicator level,efforts should focus on enhancing biodiversity,strengthening local cultural identity,implementing ecological compensation,advancing the application of smart technologies,and improving supervision frameworks.This study proposed solutions to balance the relationship among nature conservation,economic development,and local community development.
生态旅游是平衡国家公园生态保护与社区发展的重要途径,它通过较小范围的适度利用可以实现较大范围的有效保护。为更好地协调国家公园生态保护、社区发展和旅游发展之间的关系,本研究基于可持续发展理论,构建了自然环境、社会文化、社区经济、游憩技术和公共管理5个维度18个指标的生态旅游可持续性评估体系,并采用DANP-mV模型,从影响力角度对生态旅游可持续发展进行评价与对策研究。研究结果如下:(1)从绩效水平来看,武夷山国家公园生态旅游发展整体绩效水平处于中等偏上水平(3.5526),离期望值还有一段差距。(2)从策略优化对策来看,维度层面的策略改进须优先考虑游憩技术层面,其次是公共管理、社区经济、社会文化和自然环境等层面;指标方面策略改进要优先提升生物多样性、地方文化认同、生态补偿、智慧技术应用和监管机制等方面。本研究提出了平衡自然保护、经济发展与社区发展关系的解决方法。
基金
The National Social Science Fund Project of China(20XJY014)。
