摘要
The“Healthy China 2030”initiative has increasingly highlighted the role of university campuses in health promotion.However,many Chinese universities lack awareness of health-supportive environments,resulting in spatial systems that fail to meet the diverse physical and mental health needs of their communities.Among campus environments,outdoor public spaces are pivotal due to their openness and accessibility,making them ideal for fostering the autonomous health behaviors of students.This study investigates the optimization of these spaces to create environments that actively support well-being.Grounded in catalyst and affordance theories,we first identified the spatial preferences of students through questionnaire surveys.Subsequently,we employed the Delphi method and the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)to construct an evaluation index system for healthy outdoor public spaces.This analysis revealed four core components:functional organization,perceptual environment,health-supportive facilities,and walking trails.For each component,we propose specific design principles and strategies,culminating in a spatial optimization framework aimed at promoting healthy behaviors.This study provides a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for designing health-oriented campus spaces and offers a replicable model for developing supportive university environments.
随着《健康中国2030规划纲要》的推进,高校校园在健康促进中的作用日益受到关注。然而,当前我国高校普遍存在对健康环境关注不足、空间支持系统不完善的问题,难以满足师生日益多元的身心健康需求。在众多校园空间中,户外公共空间因其开放性与可达性,成为激发大学生自主健康行为的重要场域。基于健康促进理念,本文聚焦高校校园户外公共空间优化设计,旨在营造支持性环境,推动大学生形成良好的健康行为。研究从大学生的心理特征与健康行为需求出发,结合“触媒理论”与“可供性理论”,通过问卷调查提取空间偏好要素,并采用德尔菲法与层次分析法(AHP)构建健康校园户外公共空间的评价指标体系。基于该体系,提炼出空间功能组织、感知环境、健康设施与健康步道四类核心构成要素,并据此提出涵盖四个层面的设计原则与策略,形成面向健康行为促进的空间优化路径。本研究为高校户外公共空间的健康导向设计提供了理论支撑与实践指导,也为今后高校健康支持型环境建设提供了参考范式。
基金
The Scientific Research Foundation of the Liaoning Provincial Department of Education(JYTMS20230414,J2020074)。
