摘要
生物质基复合膜因其来源广、廉价、制备简单等优点倍受关注,其耐水性能较差使其应用受到了限制,而木质素作为纤维素纤维之间的粘结剂,可改善生物质基复合膜的亲水性。以甘蔗渣为前驱体,通过酸水解和机械处理方法提取含木质素的纳米纤维素(LCNF),并与聚乙烯醇(PVA)混合制备LCNF/PVA复合膜,研究了LCNF与PVA质量比对LCNF/PVA复合膜结构特性和耐水性能、机械性能和热稳定性的影响。结果表明:随着PVA添加量的增大,LCNF/PVA复合膜耐水性能降低,断裂强度降低,热稳定性变差,而韧性显著提高。当LCNF∶PVA为1∶1时,LCNF/PVA复合膜表现出明显的疏水性,同时具有较高的断裂强度和良好的热稳定性,显示出优异的综合性能,其在水中浸泡5h后的吸水率为31.74%,水接触角为104.493°,断裂强度约为48.68MPa,起始热分解对应温度(T_(onset))和最大热分解对应温度(T_(max))分别为301℃和350℃。开发了一种廉价且高性能的LCNF/PVA复合膜的制备方法,同时也为废弃生物质的高值化利用提供了新思路。
Biomass-based composite membranes have attracted much attention due to their advantages such as wide source,low cost and simple preparation,and their application is limited due to their poor water resistance.However,lignin as a binder between cellulose fibers can improve the hydrophilicity of biomass-based composite membranes.Sugarcane bagasse was employed as the precursor for extracting lignin-containing nanocellulose(LCNF)via acid hydrolysis and mechanical treatment in this study.The extracted LCNF was blended with polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)to fabricate LCNF/PVA composite membranes.The effects of the LCNF/PVA mass ratio on the structural characteristics,water resistance,mechanical properties,and thermal stability of the composite membranes were systematically investigated.The results indicated that an increase in PVA content led to a decline in water resistance,a reduction in fracture strength,and diminished thermal stability,while the toughness was significantly enhanced.Notably,when the LCNF to PVA ratio was 1∶1,the composite membrane exhibited pronounced hydrophobicity along with high fracture strength and good thermal stability.Specifically,after 5h of water immersion,the composite membrane showed a water absorption rate of 31.74%,a water contact angle of 104.493°,a fracture strength of 48.68MPa,and initial and maximum thermal decomposition temperatures(T_(onset) and T_(max))of 301℃and 350℃,respectively.This work developed a cost-effective,high-performance fabrication method for LCNF/PVA composite membrane and provided a novel strategy for the high-value utilization of waste biomass.
作者
曹虎生
白滨
杨甫
张一帆
马祖飞
朱占荣
刘田田
吴雷
周军
Cao Husheng;Bai Bin;Yang Fu;Zhang Yifan;Ma Zufei;Zhu Zhanrong;Liu Tiantian;Wu Lei;Zhou Jun(Shaanxi 185 Coal Field Geology Co.,Ltd.,Yulin 719000;Acre Coking&Refractory Engineering Consulting Corporation,MCC,Dalian 116085;Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Exploration and Comprehensive Utilization,Ministry of Natural Resources,Xi'an 710021;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055)
出处
《化工新型材料》
北大核心
2025年第S2期153-161,共9页
New Chemical Materials
基金
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划一般项目(2024JC-YBQN-0090)
陕西省教育厅重点科学研究计划项目(24JS028)
陕西省煤田地质集团重大科技专项项目(SMDZ-2023CX-5和SMDZ-2024-20)。
关键词
生物质基复合膜
纳米纤维素
耐水性
机械性能
热稳定性
biomass-based composite films
nanocellulose
water resistance
mechanical properties
thermal stability
