摘要
目的了解湖北省血吸虫病流行区野鼠分布及血吸虫感染情况,为加快推进消除血吸虫病工作、实施精准防控措施提供依据。方法选择2019—2023年湖北省14个县(市、区)血吸虫病流行村,开展钉螺孳生环境野鼠血吸虫感染调查。采用夹(笼)夜法投放鼠夹(笼),采集野鼠肝脏和肠系膜静脉压片镜检、Kato-Katz法及毛蚴孵化法平行检测野鼠血吸虫感染情况。同时采集石首麋鹿自然保护区麋鹿粪便和监测村有螺环境野粪,进行毛蚴孵化法检测,以空间自相关分析法分析识别野鼠密度。结果2019—2023年共在163处环境累计投放鼠夹(笼)11073只,鼠夹(笼)回收率96.76%,捕获野鼠361只,以黑线姬鼠和褐家鼠居多,野鼠密度3.37%,野鼠血吸虫感染率为0。14个县(市、区)中除荆州区、公安县和阳新县外,其余11个县(市、区)野鼠密度差异均无统计学意义,阳新县野鼠密度较公安县、荆州区高。各调查点野鼠密度与调查环境距最近居民点距离无显著相关性。2020年和2023年湖北省监测区野鼠密度存在空间自相关,呈空间聚集模式,2019—2023年湖北省野鼠密度高值(H-H)聚集区域主要分布在阳新县的7处环境和潜江市的1处环境。野粪调查共采集134份,检测结果均为阴性。结论近年来湖北省血吸虫病流行区未发现野鼠血吸虫感染,但野鼠空间聚集性仍然存在,为防血吸虫病输入及疫情反弹,野鼠血吸虫感染情况监测工作仍应持续开展,同时应加强聚集区域监测与控制力度。
Objective To understand the distribution of wild rats and Schistosoma japonicum infection in schistosomiasis-endemic areas in Hubei Province,and to provide a basis for accelerating the elimination of schistosomiasis and implementing targeted prevention and control measures.Methods Schistosoma japonicum infection in wild rats was investigated in snail-breeding habitats of schistosomiasis-endemic villages across 14 counties(cities,districts)in Hubei Province from 2019 to 2023.Mouse traps(cages)were deployed overnight to capture wild rats,and Schistosoma japonicum infection status was detected through parallel testing using liver compression microscopy,mesenteric vein compression microscopy,Kato-Katz method,and miracidium hatching method.At the same time,elk feces from Père David′s deer(Elaphurus davidianus)in the Shishou Milu National Nature Reserve and wild feces from snail-infested environments in monitoring villages were collected and tested using the miracidium hatching method.Spatial autocorrelation analysis was employed to analyze and identify patterns in wild rat density.Results From 2019 to 2023,a total of 11073 mouse traps(cages)were deployed across 163 environments,with a recovery trap rate of 96.76%.A total of 361 wild rats were captured,predominantly Apodemus agrarius and Rattus norvegicus,yielding a rat density of 3.37%.The infection rate of Schistosoma japonicum in wild rats was 0.Among the 14 counties(cities,districts),no statistically significant differences in wild rat density were observed among 11 counties(cities,districts),excluding Jingzhou District,Gong′an County,and Yangxin County.Yangxin County exhibited higher rat density compared to Gong′an County and Jingzhou District.No significant correlation was found between wild rodent density at survey sites and the distance from the survey environment to the nearest residential area.Spatial autocorrelation in wild rat density was observed in the monitoring areas of Hubei Province in 2020 and 2023,exhibiting a spatial clustering pattern.From 2019 to 2023,High-value(H-H)clustering areas of wild rat density in Hubei Province were mainly distributed across 7 environments in Yangxin County and 1 environment in Qianjiang City.A total of 134 wild fecal samples were collected,all of which tested negative.Conclusion In recent years,Schistosoma japonicum infection has been detected in wild rats in schistosomiasis-endemic areas of Hubei Province.However,the spatial clustering of wild rats still exists. To prevent the importation and resurgence of schistosomiasis outbreaks, continued surveillance of S. japonicum infection in wild rats is warranted, with strengthened monitoring and control in clustering areas.
作者
苏婉婷
陈艳艳
王晖
魏凤华
SU Wanting;CHEN Yanyan;WANG Hui;WEI Fenghua(Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430079,China)
出处
《中国热带医学》
北大核心
2025年第11期1440-1445,共6页
China Tropical Medicine
基金
湖北省自然科学基金项目(No.2019CFB114)。
关键词
血吸虫病
野鼠
肝脏压片
肠系膜静脉压片
KATO-KATZ法
毛蚴孵化法
空间聚集
Schistosomiasis
wild rats
liver compression
mesenteric vein compression
Kato-Katz method
miracidium hatching method
spatial clustering
