摘要
本文将流体动力学、热力学方程与辐射传递方程联结起来建立一个更合理的长期预报数值模式.在模式中除了考虑摩擦和湍流的作用外,辐射作用不是给定的分布,而是在大气运动的过程中相互调整.根据所建立的预报方程组,提出了两种适于積分的具体形式:两层斜压模式和三度空间问题的形式.
A hydrodynamical model suitable for numerical integration of seasonalvariation of general circulation and long-range forecasting is set up fromhydrodynamic and thermodynamic equations(1)—(9)with the equations ofatmospheric radiation(10)—(12)in the text.The heating of radiation willthus be dependent on the motion.Eliminating A and B from the equations(9)—(12),and neglecting thesecond derivative of■T/■p,the thermodynamic energy equation is simplified inthe form of(17).From the equations(1)—(5)and(17),a system of differential equationssuitable for numerical integration is derived for 2-layer model[equ.(18)—(21)]as well as 3-dimensional model[equ.(26)].In this text,the following notations are used:A_(v)=lateral kinematic eddy-viscosity coefficient,τ_(x)andτ_(y)=x and y components of the frictional stress,φ=geopotential,λandλ′=vertical and lateral eddy-conduction coefficient forheat,A and B=downward and upward flux of long wave radiation,S=flux ofshort wave radiation,α and αγ=absorption coefficient of long wave and shortwave radiation,ρ_(w)=density of water vapour,σ=Stefan-Boltzmann’s constant,Γ=mean albedo for the earth,w=distribution of the solar radiation in theupper boundary of atmosphere,and the other symbols have their conventionalmeaning in meteorology.
作者
朱抱真
CHU PAO-CHEN(Institute of Geophysics and Meteorology,Academia Sinica)
出处
《气象学报》
1958年第1期57-62,共6页
Acta Meteorologica Sinica
