摘要
1962年4月在中国科学院海洋研究所、南海海洋研究所联合组织的海南岛珊瑚礁调查期间,作者在海南岛陵水新村的潮间带中区,获得一个大形的有壳后鳃类软体动物,经鉴定属于分布在热带、亚热带海域的一个少见的属——伞螺属(Umbraculum Schumacher,1817),并且是一个新种。
In April,1962,the Institute of Oceanology,Academia Sinica and the South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Academia Sinica carried out a biological survey of the coral reefs in the Hainan Island,Guangdong province,China.One of the specimens collected from the mid-tidal zone by the writer was a shell-bearing opisthobranch.A careful examination reveals that it is a new species belonging to the rare genus Umbraculum Schumacher,1817,occurring in tropical and subtropical regions.This is the second species of the Genus Umbraculum recorded from China.So far,there are five other species of this genus described from various parts of the world.Description of the new species Umbraculum pulchrum sp.nov.(Text-figs.1-3)Holotype No.M05940.The living specimen is 77 mm long,54 mm broad and 29 mm high.In its preserved state it measures 63 mm long,50 mm broad and 31 mm high.The shell is 40.8×32×4.9 mm in length,breadth and height(inclusive of the periostracum).It was collected from Lingshui county,Xincun,Hainan Island;April 2,1962.Depository Institute of Oceanology,Academia Sinica.The whole animal is brilliant yellow.Mantle yellowish.Basal parts of the body pale yellow.Gill rhachis chocolate-brown.Lateral ends of the gill black.Sole orange-yellow.Shell small,oval,flattened,patelliform,40.5 mm long,31.8 mm broad and 4.9 mm high,covers only the visceral humps,the gill and the basal parts of the rhinophores.The growth-lines are distinct.The protoconch conically elevated,apex curved backward,situated slightly to the posterior left of the center.Ventrally covered with yellow epidermis.Columella muscle scars complete,white and with small granules redially striated inside the muscle scars;granules at the center of larger sizes.Mantle thin,smooth,with dentate edges.In front of the mantle and the body is a larger chocolate-brown pre-mantle gland.The columella muscle scars form a complete ring around the visceral hump.Rhinophores large and distinct from each other,with narrow tip,mid-lateral portion inflated,shallow,with a longitudinal slit.Eyes black and situated in front of the base between two rhinophores.Oral tentacle large,latero-vental slit extends forward over the anterior foot.Gill is elongate,plumiform,44 mm in length,located below the mantle,originating from the anterior left side,crossing the mid-slit to the right side of the body.Each side of the gill rhachis with 24 pinnae,each of which has 10-11 pairs of minute pinnae.The gill is attached for its length except for the end which is free.Anus open at the top of a short conical protrusion located at the upper posterior part of the gill.Foot large,thickened and deeply notched along the front mid-line.Its,edge folded.The tail is flat and broadly rounded behind.The upper surface of the foot densely scattered with conical papilla of varying sizes.Sole smooth,Radula especially large for this genus.There are about 300 teeth in a half-row,the largest number of teeth ever reported for the species of this genus.The general form is that of the genus.Colour,pale yellow.Basis broad,strongly recurved toward their apices:the cusps elongate,lanceolate and smooth.Radula formula:110×∞·0·∞.
作者
林光宇
Lin Guangyu(Institute of Oceanology,Academia Sinica)
出处
《海洋与湖沼》
1981年第3期286-290,共5页
Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica
