摘要
东海带鱼Trichiurus haumela(Forskfal)是我国最重要的经济鱼类之一,目前对其生物学特性已进行了许多研究,但对卵巢周年变化的研究迄今还未见到较系统的报道。朱元鼎教授曾提出“……带鱼一年究竟产卵几次,每次排卵多少,排卵的方式与环境条件如何……”。
The present paper describes the histology and annual changes in the ovaries of Trichiurus haumela(Forskal)from the East China Sea.The ovary cycle can be divided into the eight stages according to histological composition and various features such as general appearance,colour,size and weight of the ovary,ovadiameter,and spawning activity.Yolk formation in the oocytes becomes active in early winter.Oocytes of the oldest generation in which the ovum matures appear in April.The weight and volume of the ovary increases markedly in May,reaching and keeping its maximum from May to August.There are evidences of the existance of three successive generations,the immature,the maturing and the mature oocytes,in the ovary of mature phase(Ⅳ,Ⅴstage)from April to August.Spawning takes place over a extensive period(about five months).After the first part eggs-laying,data of histology and ecological observation of the spawning activity shows that maturing oocytes transform quickly into mature ovum.The second part of the eggs developed from the maturing ovum will be released if environment is favorable.Therefore,Trichiurus haumela(Forskal)is actually a partial spawner.A part of oocytes in some ovaries become atrophied in July or Augest,most of them in September.The spent ovary undergo a process of regression and reduces in size in September.Atrophic degeneration occurs only in the maturing and the mature ova.Atrophic degeneration of oocytes occurs in the following manner:the shape of the oocytes first varied,the zone radiata thickened,then disintegrated,the ovum memb-rance broke and the follicular cells underwent hypertrophy.The atrophy and absorption of oocytes was brought about by the phagocytic activity of the follicular cells penetrated into the oocyte.There is evidence of the existance of the Autumn Spawners which spawn in the Bast China Sea in September and October.The Autumn Spawners are quite different from the Spring-Summer Spawners inannual ovarian cycle.However both of them spawn in same region--the Bast ChinaSea.The separation between their stock depends upon the different spawning period.
作者
李城华
Li Chenghua(Institute of Oceanology,Academia Sinica)
出处
《海洋与湖沼》
1982年第5期461-472,482-484,共15页
Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica
