摘要
在恒温条件下,观察了平突船卵潘、隆线溞、微型裸腹溞的生长和繁殖。这三种淡水枝角类的生长随龄数的增加而变慢;总生活时间随温度升高而缩短。平突船卵溞在20℃时,有3个幼龄、18个成龄、总生活时间为46.8天;30℃时为3个幼龄、15个成龄和18.8天。30℃时,隆线溞有3个幼龄、14个成龄、总生活时间为18.7天;微型裸腹溞则为2个幼龄、9个成龄和10.7天。种类不同,累计产卵数相差很大。隆线溞在30℃时高达366个;微型裸腹溞仅为48个。平突船卵溞在20℃和30℃时分别为178个和172个。产卵率以隆线溞为最高(1.41);微型裸腹溞较低(1.055)。30℃时,平突船卵溞的内禀增长力为1.04;20℃仅为o.47;隆线溞和微型裸腹溞依次为0.86,0.97。
The growth and reproduction of three Cladoceran species have been studied:Scapho-leberis mucronata,Daphnia carinata,Moina micrura.The growth rate varies with the number of instars.Most of growth curves show an inital high rate in the juvenile instars,an intermediate rate in the young adult instars and a low rate in the older adult instars.When kept in the laboratory at 20℃,the cosmopolitan cladoceran Scapholeberis mucronata Produces about 178 eggs in 46.8 days of its life span,during which there are three preadult followed by eighteen adult instars;while at 30℃this species has a life span of 18.8 days,during which it produces 172 eggs and has three preadult and fifteen adult instars.Daphnia carinata produces about 366 eggs during a life span of 18.7 days and has three preadult followed toy fourteen adult instars at 30℃.Moina micrura produces about 48 eggs during a life span of 10.7 days and has two preadult instars followed by nine adult instars at 30℃.The rate of egg production calculated on a cumulative basis varied with temperature.It was found that at 30℃,Scapholeberis mucronata showed a higher rate of egg production(=1.29);whereas at 20℃,the rate of egg production became lower(=1.19).The rate of egg production of different species also varies at the same temperature:that of Daphnia carinata(6=1.41)>that of Scapholeberis mucronata(6=1.06)>that of Moina micrura(6=1.04).However,the intrinsic growth rate of 8.mucronata(r_(m)=1.04)is higher than that of M.micrura(r_(m)=0.97)which in turn is higher than that of D.carinata(r_(m)=0.86).
作者
黄祥飞
Huang Xiangfei(Institute of Hydrobiology,Academia Sinica,Wuhan)
出处
《海洋与湖沼》
1985年第3期188-195,共8页
Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica
