摘要
中国第一次南极考察时(1984—1985),由上海至合恩角往返两次横渡太平洋,途中在76个测点做了表层温度、盐度、营养盐(PO_(4)-P,SiO_(3)-Si,NO_(3)-N和NO_(2)-N),植物色素(叶绿素a和脱镁叶绿酸a)和颗粒有机物(0.89—114μm)含量的分析测定。计算了这些要素间的相关系数,并用主成份分析法分析了对分布格局起决定作用的主要因素。营养盐、叶绿素a和POM的分布,表现了相似的分布格局,表明北太平洋和南太平洋的亚热带大涡漩区最贫瘠,赤道上升流区(宽约5个纬度)是相对高营养的,由北向南穿过亚热带辐合带进入亚南极区营养盐和生物量急剧增加。在叶绿素a与POM和NO_(3)-N之间;NO_(3)-N与PO_(4)-P之间存在很强的正相关。温度和盐度与上述几个要素则存在明显负相关。主成份分析表明,肥力特别是硝酸盐含量,是决定生物要素分布格局的重要因素。在热带和亚热带区,POM含量低,颗粒谱低平,各粒度级浓度趋向一致。亚南极区不仅POM浓度高,而且颗粒谱峰值明显,硅藻形成明显优势。
During the First Chinese Antarctic Expedition 76 stationary observations were made in the Pacific Ocean along the ship courses from Shanghai to Cape Horn(23 Nov.-18 Dec.,1984)and from Cape Horn to Shanghai(11 March-4 April,1985).The temperature,salinity,nutrients(PO_(4)-P,SiO_(3)-Si,NO_(2)-N,NO_(3)-N),plant-pigments(chlorophyll α and phaeophorbide α)and paniculate organic matter(ESD=0.89-114μm)of the surface water were measured.The simple correlation coefficients for all pairs of the 10 elements were calculated and the main factors which governed the distribution pattern were analysed with the aid of principal component analysis.The distribution of nutrients,chlorophyll a and POM showed the similar pattern.The gyral area of the northern and southern subtropics was oligotrophic.The Equatorial Upwel-ling,which covered a width of about 5 degrees in latitute,was relatively nutritive.Dramatic increase in nutrient concentration and biomass was found across the Subtropical Convergence from north to south into the Subantarctic Water.There are strong positive correlations between chlorophyll a and POM(r=0.894),chlorophyll a and NO_(3)-N(r=0.807),and NO_(3)-N and PO_(4)-P(r=0.815).The temperature and salinity were found to be negatively correlated with the nutrients,chlorophyll a and POM concentration.The principal component analysis revealed that fertility,specially NO_(3)-N concentration,was the most important factor governing the distribution pattern.The particle spectra varied from place to place.In tropical and subtropical areas the total POM concentrations were low and the curves were rather flat,that meant there was no dominant species and each size grade tended to have the similar concentration.In the Subantarctic Water the POM concentrations were high and relative large particles(mainly Chaeto-ceros spp.)formed the pronounced peaks.
作者
王荣
林雅蓉
刘孝贤
Wang Rong;Lin Yarong;Liu Xiaoxian(Institute of Oceanology,Academia Sinica,Qingdao;Shandong University of Industry,Jinan)
出处
《海洋与湖沼》
1988年第6期505-517,共13页
Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica
