摘要
新中国宪法迄今的发展,均源于人民意志的驱动,堪称“我们人民的宪法”。但宪法并非仅凭历史叙事,而是可以通过探究它的规范特质,阐明其何以具有值得我们跨越世代认同的正当理由。首先,在功能定位上,我国宪法既是“治国安邦的总章程”,也在理想意义上被期许成为“人民幸福的保证书”。只有保障每一个个体的基本尊严和权利,未来世代才会认同宪法。我国宪法的规范特质也在于蕴含历史叙事的序言、民主主义的取向、两类纲领性条款的并存与显隐结合的文本。这些特质不仅标示着我国宪法的独特之处,更使宪法实践得以持续不断地成就我们人民的共同事业。而保障人的尊严之宪法精神,则作为一项根本特质为“宪法良善”提供了终极理据。在新时代,我们须进一步推动宪法实施,发挥其作为“人民幸福的保证书”的功能,发扬其优异的规范特质,使人民在具体生动的宪法实践中得到真切的获得感和幸福感。
The development of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China to date has been driven by the will of the people,and it can rightly be called"the Constitution of we the people."However,the justification for why the Constitution deserves our intergenerational recognition does not rely solely on historical narratives;it can also be clarified by exploring its normative characteristics.First,in terms of functional positioning,China's Constitution is not only the"fundamental charter for governing the country and ensuring national stability"but also ideally expected to be the"guarantee for the people's happiness."Only by safeguarding the basic dignity and rights of every individual will future generations recognize the Constitution.The normative characteristics of China's Constitution also lie in its preamble that contains historical narratives,its democratic orientation,the coexistence of two types of programmatic provisions,and its textual feature of combining explicit and implicit content.These characteristics not only mark the uniqueness of China's Constitution but also enable constitutional practice to continuously develop into a common cause of"we the people."Moreover,the constitutional spirit of safeguarding human dignity,as a fundamental characteristic,provides the ultimate rationale for"the goodness of the Constitution."In the new era,we must further promote the implementation of the Constitution,give play to its function as the"guarantee for the people's happiness,"carry forward its unique and outstanding normative characteristics,and enable the people to gain a genuine sense of fulfillment and happiness through concrete and vivid constitutional practice.
作者
林来梵
谭尹豪
Lin Laifan;Tan Yinhao
出处
《人权》
2025年第5期129-147,共19页
Human Rights
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目“中国宪法学自主知识体系建构研究”(项目批准号:25AFX002)阶段性成果
清华大学自主科研计划课题“中国宪法学自主知识体系的具体建构”资助。
关键词
中国宪法
宪法规范
幸福
宪法实施
人的尊严
China's Constitution
Constitutional Norms
Happiness
Constitutional Implementation
Human Dignity
