摘要
目的回顾分析近10年青海省无偿献血者丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染状况,为血液安全筛查策略提供依据。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)和核酸检测(NAT)方法同步筛查青海省2015年1月—2024年4月362066人份献血者血液标本,对HCV RNA筛查反应性献血者进行随访,速率法检测谷丙转氨酶(ALT)。结果青海省献血者HCV阳性率为0.22%,性别、婚姻状况、献血次数及文化程度为HCV易感因素,不同地区和民族献血者HCV阳性率存在差异。平均海拔4330 m的果洛藏族自治州献血者HCV阳性率(0.52%)高于西宁地区(0.21%),P<0.001;撒拉族(0.84%)、回族(0.81%)、藏族(0.60%)、土族(0.45%)HCV阳性率高于汉族(0.17%),P<0.001;HCV感染献血者ALT异常率(6.13%)高于正常献血者(1.55%),P<0.001。结论青海省献血者HCV阳性率较高,应进一步分析病毒来源、影响因素及传播途径等,优化血液检测策略,保障血液安全。
Objective To retrospectively analyze the prevalence of hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection among voluntary blood donors in Qinghai Province over a ten-year period and to provide evidence for refining blood safety screening strategies.Methods Blood samples from 362066 blood donors in Qinghai collected between January 2015 and April 2024 were simultaneously screened using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and nucleic acid testing(NAT).Follow-up was conducted for donors with reactive HCV RNA screening results,and alanine transaminase(ALT)was detected by rate method.Results The HCV positive rate among blood donors in Qinghai was 0.22%.Gender,marital status,number of blood donations,and educational level were associated with HCV infection.Significant differences in HCV positive rates were observed among donors across regions and ethnic groups.The HCV positive rate among donors in Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture(with an average altitude of 4330 m)was significantly higher than that in Xining(0.52%vs 0.21%,P<0.001).Positivity rates were also significantly higher in Salar(0.84%),Hui(0.81%),Zang(0.60%),and Tu(0.45%)ethnic groups compared to the Han ethnic group(0.17%)(P<0.001).The abnormal rate of ALT in HCV-positive donors was higher than in non-HCV donors(6.13%vs 1.55%)(P<0.001).Conclusion The relatively high HCV positivity rate among blood donors in Qinghai highlights the need for further investigation into viral sources,risk factors,and transmission routes.Optimized screening strategies are essential to ensure blood safety.
作者
党英男
李生菊
李艳霞
吴海林
王世钰
马成林
叶贤林
DANG Yingnan;LI Shengju;LI Yanxia;WU Hailin;WANG Shiyu;MA Chenglin;YE Xianlin(Qinghai Provincial Blood Center,Xining 810000,China;Qinghai Transportation Hospital,Xining 810000,China;Haidong Central Blood Station,Ping′an 810600,China;Shenzhen Blood Center,Shenzhen 518035,China)
出处
《中国输血杂志》
2025年第11期1562-1566,共5页
Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion
基金
中共中央组织部等“西部之光”项目(组通字2014-17号)
中共青海省委组织部“西部之光”项目(青组字2024-180号)
深圳市三名工程(SZSM202311032)。
关键词
海拔
民族
丙型肝炎病毒
酶联免疫吸附法
核酸检测
altitude
ethnic groups
hepatitis C virus(HCV)
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)
nucleic acid testing(NAT)
