摘要
随着我国经济的快速发展,各行业领域对起重机械的使用日益广泛。自额定起重量大于等于3 t的起重机械纳入特种设备管理后,市场出现大量额定起重量不足3 t但实际起重量超过3 t的起重机械,即大吨小标的起重机。生产与使用单位借此规避监管,致使设备存在安全保护功能缺失、维护不规范等问题,不仅缩短起重机使用寿命,更易诱发安全事故,同时也给监管部门履职带来风险。鉴于大吨小标已成为起重机械安全监管的突出难题,某区市场监督管理局对大吨小标起重机进行深入全面摸排和调查,文中研究通过对大吨小标起重机调研数据描述性分析,探究违规起重机械存在的主要问题以及其分布情况,深入探究其根源,为提出有效解决方案提供科学依据和分析。这不仅有助于保障起重机械安全性能与使用寿命,还能为政府科学决策、企业规范实践提供依据,助力消除监管盲区,推动安全生产执法与治理向事前预防转型,筑牢安全生产防线。
With the rapid development of China’s economy,hoisting machinery is increasingly widely used in various industries.Since the former General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China incorporated cranes with a rated lifting capacity greater than or equal to 3 t into the scope of special equipment management,a large number of hoisting machinery whose rated lifting capacity is declared below 3 t but whose actual lifting capability exceeds 3 t have been placed in the market,referred to as“hoisting machinery with underrated capacity”.Producers and users evade supervision from relevant authorities by this means,resulting in deficiencies in safety protection functions and irregular maintenance.These practices not only shorten crane service life but also induce safety accidents,while hampering supervisory departments in the performance of their duties.In view of the fact that hoisting machinery with underrated capacity has become a prominent safety supervision problem,the market supervision and administration bureau in a certain district has conducted a thorough and comprehensive investigation of such equipment.In the current research,descriptive analysis of the survey data on hoisting machinery with underrated capacity is carried out to identify the principal problems present in illegal hoisting machinery and their distribution,and to analyze their root causes.The results provide a scientific basis for proposing effective countermeasures.These findings will not only help ensure the safety performance and service life of hoisting machinery but also furnish evidence for government scientific decisionmaking and for enterprises’standardized practices,eliminate supervisory blind spots,promote the transformation of safety production law enforcement and governance from reactive to proactive prevention,and establish a robust safety production defense line.
作者
邓冉
张钰昊
李家园
高莘洋
周洲
Deng Ran;Zhang Yuhao;Li Jiayuan;Gao Xinyang;Zhou Zhou
出处
《起重运输机械》
2025年第22期77-81,共5页
Hoisting and Conveying Machinery
基金
起重机械“大吨小标”监管对策研究(CASEI-RKT2024-22)。
关键词
特种设备
大吨小标
描述性分析
special equipment
underrating label
descriptive analysis
