摘要
目的了解2014—2023年洛阳市≥50岁新报告艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病患者(HIV/AIDS)的流行特征,为制定有针对性的艾滋病防治策略提供科学依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统提取新报告≥50岁HIV/AIDS病例资料,对病例人口学特征、样本来源、感染时间、从感染到诊断的时间,晚期检出率发现情况和传播途径等进行分析。结果2014—2023年洛阳市新报告≥50岁HIV/AIDS病例844例,占总报告数的28.88%(844/2922),构成比呈逐年上升趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=99.407,P<0.001)。本市户籍占89.81%(758/844),男女性别比为3.47∶1,50~<60岁占58.18%(491/844),已婚有配偶占59.48%(502/844),初中及以下文化程度占75.00%(633/844),农民占62.68%(529/844)。确诊时年龄最小50岁,最大90岁,中位数(四分位数)[M(P_(25),P_(75))]为58(53,64)岁;样本来源以其他就诊者检测为主,占34.60%(292/844);发现时感染时间以5~8年为主,占32.11%(246/766);晚发现比例62.79%(481/766);传播途径以异性传播为主,占63.15%(533/844),同性传播占当年性传播途径的构成比呈逐年上升趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=11.596,P<0.001)。结论洛阳市50岁及以上人群HIV/AIDS新发病例晚发现比例高,同性性传播构成比上升,预防工作应重点关注男性、农民、受教育程度低的人群和50~<60岁年龄组。需加强艾滋病毒检测力度,以提高早期诊断比例。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases aged≥50 years in Luoyang from 2014 to 2023,and to provide scientific basis for developing targeted AIDS prevention and control strategies.Methods Data of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases aged≥50 years were extracted from Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System.We analyzed the demographic characteristics,sample sources,infection time,time from infection to diagnosis,late detection rates,and transmission routes.Results From 2014 to 2023,844 new HIV/AIDS cases aged≥50,were reported in Luoyang,accounting for 28.88%(844/2922)of all reported cases.This proportion increased significantly over the decade(γ^(trend)^(2)=99.407,P<0.001).Most cases were local residents(89.81%,758/844),with a male-to female ratio of 3.47:1.The majority were aged 50~<60(58.18%,491/844),married(59.48%,502/844),had a junior high school education and below(75.00%,633/844),and were farmers(62.68%,529/844).The youngest age at diagnosis was 50 years old,the oldest was 90 years old,and the median(interquartile range)[M(P_(25),P_(75))]was 58(53,64)years old.The primary sample source was from other clinical departments(34.60%,292/844).At the time of diagnosis,the estimated duration of infection was primarily 58 years(32.11%,246/766).The late detection rate was high at 62.79%(481/766).Heterosexual transmission was the main route(63.15%,533/844),but the proportion of cases attributed to male same-sex transmission among sexually transmitted cases showed a significant annual increase(χ^(trend)^(2)=11.596,P<0.001).Conclusions Newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in individuals aged≡50 in Luoyang are characterized by a high late detection rate and arising proportion of same-sex transmission.Prevention efforts should be targeted at males,farmers,those with low education levels,and the 50-<60 age group.Increased HIV testing initiatives are needed to improve early diagnosis.
作者
李亚静
麻小龙
李永超
曹怡
吴乐怡
朱鑫
LI Yajing;MA Xiaolong;LI Yongchao;CAO Yi;WU Leyi;ZHU Xin(Luoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Luoyang,Henan 471000,China;Luoyang Key Laboratory of Disease Control and Prevention)
出处
《现代疾病预防控制》
2025年第11期853-857,共5页
MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION
