摘要
农田光伏设施建设及其综合效应评价是涉及能源转型、粮食安全、农村经济发展的重大科学问题。综合应用遥感与实地调研数据,本文分析了中国2010—2020年农田光伏设施的时空演化特征,并通过与普通耕地横向对比,以及设施建设前后纵向对比,系统评价了光伏设施建设对耕地生产力的影响。结果表明:①2010—2020年农田光伏设施总建设面积由0.6 km^(2)高速增长至735.3 km^(2),10年增长超1200倍。空间分布以“胡焕庸线”为界,建设重心位于东部偏北地区。②与普通耕地相比,光伏设施建设导致耕地总初级生产力平均下降47 gC m^(-2) a^(-1),降幅仅为3.7%。而基于时间尺度纵向对比,光伏设施建设后,耕地生产力可恢复甚至超过建设前水平。③光伏设施对建设前生产力较高的耕地负面影响较大,而干旱—半干旱区、作物类型为玉米、小麦的耕地受到的负面影响较小。④合理的设施面积与密度,更加规则的形状特征,有利于消减光伏设施建设对耕地生产力的负面影响。整体来看,农田光伏设施对耕地生产力的影响处于可控区间,并未显著威胁到粮食生产安全目标。本文研究结论可为光伏设施空间选址规划提供学术支撑,为协同推进能源转型、粮食安全、乡村振兴提供决策依据。
The construction of cropland photovoltaic plants(CPVP)and the evaluation of their integrated effects represent a critical scientific issue at the intersection of energy transition,food security,and rural economic development.By integrating remote sensing data with field surveys,we systematically analyze the spatio-temporal evolution of CPVP in China from 2010 to 2020.By comparing these facilities with conventional cropland both spatially,alongside similar areas,and temporally,before installation,we assess the impact of CPVP on cropland productivity.Results indicate that:(1)The total construction area of CPVP surged from 0.6 km^(2)in 2010 to 735.3 km^(2)in 2020,marking an approximately 1200-fold increase over the decade.Spatially,these installations are predominantly concentrated in the northeastern part of eastern China,delineated by the Hu Line.(2)CPVP installation has led to an average productivity decrease of 47 gC m^(-2)a^(-1),down 3.7%.Longitudinal data show that comparison of time scales,the cropland productivity can recover or even exceed the pre-construction levels after the installation of photovoltaic facilities.(3)The negative impact is more pronounced on high-productivity cropland,while dryland and cropland devoted to maize and wheat are less affected.(4)Optimal facility size,density,and regular shape can mitigate the negative impacts on cropland productivity.These findings alleviate concerns about the adverse effects of CPVP on food security,suggesting that such effects are minimal and manageable.The findings provide academic support for the spatial planning of photovoltaic infrastructure and offer the integrated advancement for energy transition,food security,and rural revitalization.
作者
党牛
林景曜
宋咏恩
王强
周侃
朱桂忠
DANG Niu;LIN Jingyao;SONG Yongen;WANG Qiang;ZHOU Kan;ZHU Guizhong(School of Geographic Science,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China;Cultivation Base of State Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Mountain Ecology,Fuzhou 350007,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;Center for Quality and Safety of Agriculture,Chongming District,Shanghai 202150,China)
出处
《地理学报》
北大核心
2025年第11期2908-2923,共16页
Acta Geographica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42471191)
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0406)。
关键词
农田光伏
时空格局
耕地生产力
能源转型
粮食安全
cropland photovoltaic plants
spatio-temporal patterns
cropland productivity
energy transition
food security
