摘要
作为抗战时期藏族商帮的典型代表,邦达昌家族在1942—1945年间建构了连接南亚与我国西南后方的跨国物资通道。文章基于地方文献、回忆录与访谈录,揭示其通过加尔各答、噶伦堡的国际贸易节点与拉萨、康定的区域枢纽,成功开辟了年均运输量逾6000驮的我川、滇、藏至境外印度的陆路国际贸易通道。其家族以2000余匹骡马组成的运输体系,在横断山脉恶劣的自然环境和战时社会动荡的条件下,累计输送价值1.5亿美元的棉纱、药品等战略物资,其中1943年承运的羊毛达14万公斤,茶叶交易额超80万银元。其商贸网络不仅弥补了滇缅公路中断后的国际运输缺口,更通过组织汉藏商队联合运输,将传统商业资本转化为对抗战经济的支持。这一案例体现了少数民族商帮在抗战经济中的独特作用,为理解战争时期边疆地区各民族的国家认同建构提供了新的观察视角。
As a typical representative of the Tibetan merchant group during the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression,the sPom-mdav Tshang Family built a transnational material channel connecting South Asia and the southwest rear from 1942 to 1945.Based on local documents,memoirs and interviews,this study reveals that the overland international trade route from China's Xizang,Sichuan,and Yunnan to India with an average annual transportation volume of more than 6,000 loads was successfully opened through the international trade nodes of Calcutta and Kalimpong and the regional hubs of Lhasa and Kangding.With a transportation system composed of more than 2,000 mules and horses,the family transported a total of 150 million US dollars'worth of cotton yarn,medicines and other strategic materials under the harsh natural environment of the Hengduan Mountains and wartime social unrest,of which 140,000 kilograms of wool were carried in 1943,and the tea transaction volume exceeded 800,000 silver dollars.Its commercial network not only made up for the gap in international transportation after the interruption of the Yunnan-Burma Highway,but also transformed traditional commercial capital into economic support for the war by organizing joint transportation of Han and Tibetan trade caravans.This case illustrates the unique role of ethnic minority merchant groups in the economy of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression,and provides a new perspective for understanding the construction of national identity in the border areas during the war.
出处
《中国藏学》
北大核心
2025年第4期176-185,219,220,共12页
China Tibetology
基金
国家社科基金特别项目“中国西藏地区近现代各民族交往交流交融史研究”(项目编号:23VRC079)阶段性成果。
关键词
邦达昌家族
国际商贸
抗战物资
茶马古道
民族团结
sPom-mdav Tshang Family
International trade
Materials for the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression
The Ancient Tea Horse Road
Ethnic unity
