摘要
数控机床空间误差的建模分析与辨识一直是误差补偿的重要步骤。首先,论述了机床空间误差常用建模理论和辨识方法的研究历程及技术发展;其次,机床空间误差建模分析是进行误差补偿的重要前提。对机床空间误差建模理论进行详细的阐述和分析,包括刚体运动学理论、齐次坐标变化理论、D-H变换理论、多体理论、以及旋量理论等方法。再次,误差元素的准确测量和精确识别是实现有效控制的关键。对机床空间误差重点辨识方法的现状与发展趋势进行具体介绍和综合评述,包括激光干涉仪多线法、体对角线法、以及球杆仪、激光跟踪仪测量等方法。最终,综合机床空间误差的建模、检测、辨识三个方面,系统性地分析了现有数控机床空间精度改善中尚需解决的问题,强调了技术创新对于提高测量效率和准确性的重要性;并对未来的发展方向进行展望,对数控机床精度的提升具有一定的指导意义。
The modeling analysis and identification of the spatial errors of CNC machine tools have always been important steps in error compensation.Firstly,the research history and technological development of the modeling theories and identification methods for machine tool spatial errors are discussed.Secondly,the modeling and analysis of machine tool spatial errors is an important prerequisite for error compensation.The modeling theory of machine tool spatial errors has been comprehensively reviewed and analyzed,including methods such as rigid body kinematics theory,homogeneous coordinate change theory,D-H transformation theory,multi-body theory,and screw theory.Thirdly,the accurate measurement and precise identification of spatial error elements in machine tools are key to achieving effective control.The current status and development trends of key measurement and identification methods for machine tool spatial errors are specifically introduced and comprehensively evaluated,including laser interferometer multi line method,body diagonal method,as well as ball bar method,laser tracker method,and other methods.Finally,the modeling,detection,and identification of spatial errors in integrated machine tools are systematically analyzed to identify the problems that still need to be solved in improving the spatial accuracy of existing CNC machine tools.The importance of technological innovation in improving measurement efficiency and accuracy is emphasized;And prospects for future development directions have certain guiding significance for improving the accuracy of CNC machine tools.
作者
孙光明
韩冰
张大卫
田文杰
郭鑫
赵坚
何改云
高卫国
苏喆
SUN Guangming;HAN Bing;ZHANG Dawei;TIAN Wenjie;GUO Xin;ZHAO Jian;HE Gaiyun;GAO Weiguo;SU Zhe(School of Control and Mechanical Engineering,Tianjin Chengjian University,Tianjin 300384;Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072;School of Marine Science and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072;Shenyang Machine Tool Zhongjie Friendship Factory Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110142)
出处
《机械工程学报》
北大核心
2025年第19期202-228,共27页
Journal of Mechanical Engineering
基金
天津市自然科学基金青年项(22JCQNJC01000)
国家自然科学基金联合基金(U23B20102)
国家自然科学基金青年基金(52205535)
沈阳市科技重大专项(23-401-1-01)资助项目。
关键词
数控机床
误差建模
误差检测辨识
空间误差补偿
CNC machine tool
error modeling
error detection and identification
space error compensation
