摘要
针对传统脱氮工艺能耗高、碳源依赖性强及温室气体排放等问题,提出将厌氧膜生物反应器(eAnMBR)与部分硝化-厌氧氨氧化(PN/A)工艺进行耦合,构建基于AQUASIM 2.0平台的多底物动力学模型,系统探究氧气表面负荷与碳氮比(C/N)对脱氮效能及微生物群落的影响机制。该模型涵盖氨氧化菌(AOB)、亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)、厌氧氨氧化菌(AnAOB)及异养菌(HB)等12种组分,引入亚硝酸盐抑制因子以优化AnAOB的代谢动力学。模拟结果表明,当氧气表面负荷为0.12~0.14 g/(m^(3)·d)时,系统总氮(TN)去除率达峰值64.45%,生物膜内AnAOB相对丰度最高;而当氧气表面负荷≥0.16 g/(m^(3)·d)时,溶解氧抑制AnAOB活性,促进NOB增殖,导致硝酸盐积累。C/N调控研究显示,在低进水-N浓度(<35 g/m^(3))时,提升C/N可通过强化HB的反硝化作用来提高TN去除率;而在高-N浓度(≥35 g/m^(3))时,则需维持低C/N(<2.0)以避免HB对AnAOB功能的竞争性抑制。研究表明,eAnMBR-PN/A工艺通过优化氧传递与底物分配,可实现低C/N市政污水的高效脱氮,为污水处理厂低碳转型提供了理论依据与技术参考。
The study investigates the optimization of nitrogen removal efficiency in an enhanced anaerobic membrane bioreactor coupled with a partial nitrification/anammox(eAnMBR-PN/A)integrated process.Simulation results demonstrate that the surface oxygen loading rate significantly influences system performance.When maintained between 0.12 and 0.14 g/(m^(3)·d),the system achieves a peak total nitrogen(TN)removal efficiency of 64.45%,which corresponds to the highest relative abundance of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria(AnAOB)in the biofilm.However,at rates exceeding 0.16 g/(m^(3)·d),elevated dissolved oxygen concentrations inhibit AnAOB activity while promoting the growth of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria(NOB),resulting in nitrate accumulation and reduced TN removal efficiency.The carbon-to-nitrogen(C/N)ratio also plays a crucial role in regulating system performance.At low influent-N concentrations(<35 g/m^(3)),increasing the C/N ratio enhances TN removal by stimulating the denitrification activity of heterotrophic bacteria(HB).In contrast,at high-N concentrations(≥35 g/m^(3)),maintaining a low C/N ratio(<2.0)is essential to prevent HB from competitively competitively inhibiting AnAOB functionality.The findings indicate that the eAnMBR-PN/A process can effectively remove nitrogen from municipal wastewater with low C/N ratios by optimizing oxygen transfer and substrate distribution.This provides valuable theoretical insights and a technical pathway for the low-carbon transformation of wastewater treatment plants.The study highlights the importance of balancing the surface oxygen loading rate to avoid suppression of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB)activity at low oxygen levels and inhibition of AnAOB at high oxygen levels.Additionally,when the influent-N concentration is low,increasing the influent chemical oxygen demand(COD)can enhance TN removal,albeit at the cost of higher operational expenses.Conversely,under high-N concentrations,maintaining a lower influent COD facilitates AnAOB activity,thereby reduce costs.Microbial community analysis reveals that at oxygen loading rate of 0.12 g/(m^(3)·d),a stable symbiotic biofilm community of AnAOB,AOB,and HB is established.As the oxygen loading rate increases to 0.16 g/(m^(3)·d)and above,AnAOB abundance initially increases and subsequently decreases due to high dissolved oxygen inhibition.In conclusion,the eAnMBR-PN/A integrated process offers an effective solution for nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater with low C/N ratios.By optimizing the oxygen loading rate and C/N ratio,the system can achieve high nitrogen removal efficiency while reducing operational costs.This study advances the understanding of nitrogen removal mechanisms and underscores the potential of the eAnMBR-PN/A process in promoting the enrichment of functional microbial communities for efficient treatment.
作者
严樟
曾武强
唐毅
潘建新
陈金凤
蒋柱武
YAN Zhang;ZENG Wuqiang;TANG Yi;PAN Jianxin;CHEN Jinfeng;JIANG Zhuwu(College of Ecological Environment and Urban Construction,Fujian University of Technology,Fuzhou 350118,China;Huaneng Fujian Clean Energy Company,Fuzhou 350007,China)
出处
《能源环境保护》
2025年第6期146-154,共9页
Energy Environmental Protection
基金
国家自然科学基金−青年科学基金资助项目(52400072)
福建省财政厅专项资金资助项目(GY-Z23273)
福建理工大学−科研启动基金资助项目(GY-Z23204)。
