摘要
目的:探讨体适能训练对幼儿体质健康水平影响,包括对幼儿力量、耐力、敏捷性、协调性和柔韧性等各方面素质的影响。假设:体适能训练能够显著提高少儿的体质健康水平,特别是在力量、耐力、灵敏性、协调性和柔韧性等方面。方法:选取2023年3-7月小月牙幼儿园未参加体适能训练的20名幼儿为对照组,选取2023年3—7月极光绿儿童健身中心参加体适能训练的20名学员为实验组,比较两组身体形态、身体素质。实验期间,对照组幼儿维持日常活动水平,不进行额外的体适能训练;实验组幼儿则按照健身中心提供的个性化体适能训练计划进行每周至少3次、每次持续60 min的训练。训练内容涵盖力量训练(如使用轻重量哑铃进行简单动作)、耐力训练(如跑步、跳绳)、敏捷性训练(如障碍跑)、协调性训练(如体操动作)和柔韧性训练(如瑜伽、拉伸)。为确保实验的严谨性,采用盲法评估(即评估人员不知晓幼儿分组情况)来收集数据。观察指标包括身高、体重(反映身体形态)、网球掷远距离(反映上肢力量)、坐位体前屈距离(反映柔韧性)、走平衡木时间(反映协调性和平衡能力)。所有数据均在实验前后由专业人员进行测量和记录。结果:干预前,两组幼儿身体形态、身体素质比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,实验组身高、体重增加程度与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,实验组网球掷远距离、坐位体前屈距离、走平衡木时间改善程度高于对照组,组间比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。信效度分析:本文采用随机对照设计,确保了实验的内部信效度。同时,通过盲法评估和数据标准化处理,提高了测量的准确性和可靠性。此外,所选观察指标均为公认的体质健康评估指标,具有较高的外部效度。结论:体适能训练在幼儿身体素质改善方面具有重要作用,因此体适能训练值得推广应用。
Objective:To explore the impact of physical fitness training on children’s physical health level,including its effects on children’s strength,endurance,agility,coordination,flexibility and other qualities.Hypothesis:Physical fitness training can significantly improve children’s physical health level,especially in strength,endurance,agility,coordination and flexibility.Methods:20 children from Xiaoyueya Kindergarten who did not participate in physical fitness training from March to July 2023 were selected as the control group,and 20 children from Aurora Green Children’s Fitness Center who participated in physical fitness training during the same period were selected as the experimental group.The physical form and physical quality of the two groups were compared.During the experiment,children in the control group maintained their daily activity level without additional physical fitness training;children in the experimental group carried out training according to the personalized physical fitness training plan provided by the fitness center,at least three times a week,60 mins each time.The training content includes strength training(such as simple movements with light dumbbells),endurance training(such as running,rope skipping),agility training(such as obstacle running),coordination training(such as gymnastics movements)and flexibility training(such as yoga,stretching).To ensure the rigor of the experiment,blind evaluation(such as evaluators were unaware of the grouping of children)was used to collect data.The observation indicators include height and weight(reflecting physical form),tennis throwing distance(reflecting upper limb strength),sitting forward bend distance(reflecting flexibility),and time on balance beam(reflecting coordination and balance ability).All data were measured and recorded by professionals before and after the experiment.Results:Before the intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in physical form and physical quality between the two groups of children(P>0.05);after the intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in the increase of height and weight between the experimental group and the control group(P>0.05);after the intervention,the improvement of tennis throwing distance,sitting forward bend distance and time on balance beam in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference between the groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).Reliability and validity analysis:this article adopted a randomized controlled design to ensure the internal validity of the experiment.At the same time,the accuracy and reliability of the measurement were improved through blind evaluation and standardized data processing.In addition,the selected observation indicators are all recognized physical health assessment indicators,with high external validity.Conclusion:physical fitness training plays an important role in improving children’s physical quality,so it is worthy of promotion and application.
作者
张珉
邓罗平
Zhang Min;Deng Luoping(School of Physical Education,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,Hunan China)
出处
《青少年体育》
2025年第2期46-49,共4页
Youth Sport
关键词
体适能训练
幼儿
身体形态
身体素质
physical fitness training
children
physical form
physical quality
