摘要
随着传统化石能源的日益枯竭,以风能、太阳能为主的新能源发电资源已成为构建新型电力系统的主要能源形式。风能、太阳能等分布式能源具有较强的随机性、波动性、间歇性特征,大规模并网对电网稳定运行带来诸多挑战。虚拟电厂(virtual power plant,VPP)凭借其较强聚合调节各类型资源的能力,参与电网运行调度,促进清洁能源消纳。文中首先梳理VPP的基本概念,综述国内外VPP研究现状,并总结国内能源发展现状及趋势;然后归纳VPP的控制方式及架构,将目前VPP模型划分为4类,即VPP优化调度模型、VPP参与竞标竞价模型、VPP参与需求侧响应模型、考虑系统风险的VPP模型,同时系统总结VPP模型的各类算法;最后展望VPP在未来电力系统中的发展趋势,尤其是VPP参与电力市场提升经济效益的潜力。文中对现阶段VPP的相关研究进行归纳和总结,为该领域的后续研究提供借鉴。
With the increasing depletion of traditional fossil fuels,new energy sources such as wind and solar power become the main energy sources for building new power systems.Distributed energy resources including wind and solar power,exhibit strong characteristics of randomness,volatility,and intermittency.Their large scale grid integration poses many challenges to the stable operation of the power grid.Virtual power plant(VPP)which possess a strong ability to aggregate and regulate various types of resources,can participate in grid operation and scheduling,thereby promoting the consumption of clean energy.This article first summarizes the definition of VPP and provides an overview of the current research status both domestically and internationally.It also reviews the current status and trends of energy development in China.Secondly,the control methods and architecture of VPP are summarized,and the current VPP models are classified into four categories:VPP optimization scheduling model,VPP participation in bidding and tendering model,VPP participation in demand-side response model,and VPP model considering system risk.Various algorithms for solving VPP models are reviewed.Finally,the future prospects of VPP are discussed,especially the economic benefits of VPP participation in the electricity market.This article provides a comprehensive summary and generalization of the current research on VPP,offering references for future research in this field.
作者
高明
曾平良
冯永朝
GAO Ming;ZENG Pingliang;FENG Yongchao(Guangzhou Energy Storage Group Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510623,China;Department of Automation,Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou 310018,China)
出处
《电力工程技术》
北大核心
2025年第6期143-154,共12页
Electric Power Engineering Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(U21662083)。
关键词
可再生能源
分布式能源
虚拟电厂(VPP)
需求侧响应
机组组合
VPP模型
renewable energy resource
distributed energy resource
virtual power plant(VPP)
demand-side response
unit combination
VPP model
