摘要
随着人口自然增长放缓和城市间人口流动格局分化,劳动力的职业与技能分化趋势越发明显。如何提升技术创新对不同技能劳动力的空间配置效率,已成为推动人口高质量发展的核心议题。本文构建双层嵌套恒定替代弹性(CES)生产函数理论模型,利用中国流动人口动态监测调查数据、职业信息网络数据和城市统计数据,并基于专利续展模型测算技术创新指数,实证检验技术创新对不同技能劳动力的流动分化效应及作用机制。研究结果表明,技术创新虽然促进了高技能劳动力的流入,但抑制了低技能劳动力的流入。行业异质性分析结果显示,技术创新虽然促进了高技能劳动力流入建筑业,但抑制了低技能劳动力在多数行业的流动,显示“技术创新偏向高技能劳动力”的趋势。机制分析表明,技术创新主要通过增强信息流动、优化资本配置以及提升高技能劳动力的就业机会和收入预期,加剧了不同技能劳动力流动的分化。此外,在社会保险均等化水平不同的地区,50岁以下劳动力以及不同户籍性质、性别群体中,技术创新均具有流动的分化效应。本文揭示了技术创新影响不同技能劳动力流动分化的内在逻辑,为推动劳动力要素高效配置与构建全国统一大市场提供了经验启示。
In the context of increasingly complex global dynamics,characterized by intensifying geopolitical tensions,climate change,and global public health crises,the risks confronting global agricultural markets have markedly escalated.Under the turbulent conditions of ongoing competition among major countries,the stability of agricultural production and agri-food trade has been severely disrupted.Political,military,logistical,and climatic uncertainties have become deeply intertwined,amplifying the risks of agricultural supply disruptions and posing significant challenges to agricultural supply security.From the perspective of new quality productive forces,the fundamental driving force behind industrial and supply chain upgrading lies in technological innovation and its application outcomes.Digital technology innovation,imbued with the dynamic potential of new productive forces,offers a promising pathway to strengthen agricultural supply chain resilience and advance the high-quality development of agriculture.This paper contributes to existing literature in three major aspects.First,it deepens the conceptual understanding of digital technology innovation by emphasizing its scalability and extensibility as core attributes.Second,it examines agricultural supply chain resilience through the lens of new quality productive forces,thereby expanding the research frontier of supply chain resilience into the agricultural domain.Third,it explores the mechanistic pathways through which digital technology innovation enhances supply chain resilience,using supply chain optimization strategies as an analytical entry point.Based on the resource-based view,this study investigates the impact and mechanisms of digital technology innovation on agricultural supply chain resilience using a research sample of agriculture-related listed companies in China from 2010 to 2023.The findings reveal that digital technology innovation significantly enhances both the resistance capacity and recovery capacity of agricultural supply chains.Mechanism tests indicate that such innovation strengthens supply chain resilience by promoting supply diversification,enhancing inter-firm cooperation,improving information transparency,and increasing operational flexibility.Further heterogeneity analysis shows that the effect of digital technology innovation on recovery capacity is more pronounced among agriculture-related enterprises located in coastal or central cities,operating in midstream supply chain segments,and characterized by private ownership.In contrast,its effect on resistance capacity is stronger among enterprises located in peripheral cities,positioned in the upstream or downstream segments,and with state-owned ownership.Moreover,local governments’attention to agricultural digital technology significantly stimulates firms’innovation activities in this domain,thereby enhancing agricultural supply chain resilience.Based on the above research findings,this study offers three key insights.First,it emphasizes the need to enhance the capacity of agriculture-related enterprises to apply digital technologies effectively.Second,it calls for substantially strengthening the innovation capability of agricultural digital technologies through increased R&D investment and institutional support.Third,it advocates for fully tapping the potential of digital technology innovation to drive systemic transformation across the agricultural value chain.These recommendations provide strategic guidance for cultivating new quality productive forces in agriculture and safeguarding the security and stability of agricultural supply chains.The findings of this paper are as follows.First,the technological innovation significantly promotes high-skilled labor inflows but suppresses low-skilled labor inflows,reflecting a clear divergence in skill mobility.Second,technological innovation stimulates high-skilled labor inflows into the construction sectors,while it limits low-skilled labor mobility in most industries,revealing a“high-skill-biased”innovation trend.Third,technological innovation exacerbates the divergence of mobility among different skilled labor by increasing the information inflow into prefecture-level cities,optimizing capital allocation,and enhancing both the full employment and expected income of high-skilled labor.Finally,in regions with different social insurance equalization,and among laborers with rural and urban hukou,those under the age of 50,male and female groups,technological innovation consistently exhibits the differentiation of skill-based labor mobility patterns.Based on these findings,this paper recommends accelerating the development of new quality productive forces and improving information and capital allocation,promoting inclusive technology diffusion and balanced talent distribution,and strengthening a multi-tiered social security system to protect the rights of low-skilled laborers and those with rural hukou.This paper makes the following main contributions:integrating technological innovation into the labor mobility framework to highlight skill-based divergence,constructing a multidimensional indicator system for high-skilled labor,and revealing the mechanisms through which technological innovation shapes the divergence of different skilled labor mobility,including increasing the information inflow into prefecture-level cities,optimizing capital allocation,and enhancing both the full employment and expected income of high-skilled labor.
作者
付明辉
邓铭生
刘传江
FU Minghui;DENG Mingsheng;LIU Chuanjiang(School of Insurance,Guangdong University of Finance;College of Economics and Management,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics;Center of Economic Development Research,Wuhan University)
出处
《中国农村经济》
北大核心
2025年第11期103-123,共21页
Chinese Rural Economy
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“数字化转型对农民工高质量就业的影响机制研究”(编号:22YJC790027)
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金自然科学基金面上项目“数字化转型与高质量就业研究:理论机制、风险评估与政策优化”(编号:2023A1515011837)
广东省哲学社会科学规划2023年度青年项目“共同富裕下数字化转型驱动广东省农民工收入增长的理论机制与政策优化研究”(编号:GD23YYJ13)。
关键词
技术创新
流动分化
社会-认知技能
专利质量
充分就业
条件Logit模型
Technological Innovation
Labor Mobility Divergence
Social-Cognitive Skills
Patent Quality
Full Employment
Conditional Logit Model
