摘要
系统认识流域生态建设对水文过程调控机制,是有效开展流域管理和生态保护的关键。针对太行山石质山区的气候、下垫面特点,基于垂向混合产流机制构建了紫荆关流域水文模型,选取紫荆关1971—2013年35场典型场次洪水过程,并根据紫荆关站洪峰流量突变时间,划分为1971—1999年和2000—2013年两个洪水组,通过率定不同洪水组流域下垫面参数和进行交叉模拟分析,定量评价了流域下垫面变化对产汇流参数的影响以及生态建设对洪水的调节能力。结果表明:紫荆关流域蒸散发参数有较大增加趋势,土壤张力水容量有一定程度增加;产流参数中稳定下渗率显著增加了60%,同时,渗透系数、下渗分布曲线指数以及汇流参数中地面径流、壤中流和地下径流消退系数均有不同程度增加。流域生态建设对小量级洪水影响较大,而对较大量级洪水影响相对较小。对于实测洪峰流量小于100 m^(3)/s、100~320 m^(3)/s、320 m^(3)/s(5年一遇)以上的洪水,其洪峰和洪量的平均减少幅度分别为9.9%和15.6%、7.0%和12.8%、5.6%和9.1%。相同量级的洪水,洪峰减少幅度小于洪量的减少幅度。对于洪峰流量在200 m^(3)/s以下的洪水,生态建设对于单峰、双峰及多峰洪水影响差异性较小,而对于200 m^(3)/s以上较大量级的洪水,生态建设对于单峰洪水的影响较大,而对于多峰洪水的影响较小。
Systematic understanding of the mechanism of hydrological processes affected by watershed ecological construction is the key to effective watershed management and ecological protection.According to the characteristics of climate and underlying surface in the rocky mountain area of the Taihang Mountain,a hydrological model for the Zijingguan Basin was constructed based on the vertical mixed runoff generation mechanism.Thirty-five typical flood processes in Zijingguan from 1971 to 2013 were selected and divided into two flood groups from 1971 to 1999 and from 2000 to 2013 according to the sudden change time of flood peak flow at the Zijingguan station.Through the cali⁃bration of the underlying surface parameters of different flood groups and the cross simulation analysis,the influence of the change of the underlying surface on the runoff generation and confluence parameters and the ability of ecologi⁃cal construction to adjust the flood were quantitatively evaluated.The results show that the evapotranspiration param⁃eters of Zijingguan Basin have a great increasing trend,and the soil tension water capacity increases to a certain degree.The stable infiltration rate in the runoff yield parameters increases significantly by 60%.At the same time,the permeability coefficient,the infiltration distribution curve index and the surface runoff,interflow and under⁃ground runoff regression coefficient in the confluence parameters increase to different degrees.The ecological con⁃struction of the basin has a greater impact on small-scale floods,while the impact on larger-scale floods is relatively small.For floods with measured peak flow less than 100m^(3)/s,100-320m^(3)/s,and 320m^(3)/s(5-year return period),the average reductions of flood peak and flood volume are 9.9%and 15.6%,7.0% and 12.8%,5.6% and 9.1%,respectively.For floods of the same magnitude,the reduction of flood peak is less than that of flood volume.For floods with peak flow below 200m^(3)/s,the impact of ecological construction on single-peak,double-peak and multi-peak floods is small,while for floods with a larger magnitude above 200m^(3)/s,the impact of ecological construction on single-peak floods is large,while the impact on multi-peak floods is small.
作者
王刚
吴楠
赵丽平
严登华
任明磊
姜晓明
WANG Gang;WU Nan;ZHAO Liping;YAN Denghua;REN Minglei;JIANG Xiaoming(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing,100038,China;Research Center on Flood&Drought Disaster Prevention and Reduction of the Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing,100038,China;Key Laboratory of Water Safety for Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region of Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing,100038,China)
出处
《中国水利水电科学研究院学报(中英文)》
北大核心
2025年第6期591-603,共13页
Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
基金
国家重点研发计划青年科学家项目(2022YFC3080300)
国家自然科学基金项目(51809281)。
关键词
生态建设
洪水要素
下垫面参数
定量评价
紫荆关流域
ecological construction
flood elements
underlying surface parameters
quantitative evaluation
the Zijingguan River Basin
