摘要
遗传多样性和亲缘关系的研究对于野生动物种群的健康维持和长久繁衍具有重要意义。为评估三江源国家公园长江源园区藏原羚(Procapra picticaudata)种群的遗传多样性,共采集24个藏原羚集群的149份新鲜粪便样本,利用MB066、HDZ8和HDZ496等8个微卫星位点进行基因分型,最终识别出105个藏原羚个体,并利用性别鉴定引物确定其中有雌性77只,雄性28只。结果表明:8个微卫星位点的平均等位基因数为21.125,平均多态信息含量(P_(IC))为0.708,观测杂合度(H_(o))为0.219~0.914,平均值为0.645;期望杂合度(H_(e))为0.265~0.937,平均值为0.724,显示该种群处于较高的遗传多样性水平。然而,近交系数为0.103,表明种群中存在杂合子缺失的情况,暗示有近交风险的存在。此外,亲缘关系分析共鉴定出36对亲子关系,涉及57只个体。这些亲子对多数出现在同一集群内,且以母女关系为主(占62.5%),而与雄性相关的亲子对(母子/父女/父子)仅占37.5%。研究结果为长江源园区藏原羚种群的遗传多样性评估和亲缘关系分析提供了新的视角和数据支持,对于制定有效的藏原羚保护策略和措施具有重要参考价值。
Genetic diversity and the kinship among members are crucial for the sustainable health and long-term reproduc⁃tive success of wildlife populations.To evaluate the genetic diversity of Procapra picticaudata in the Yangtze River Source Area of Sanjiangyuan National Park,a total of 149 fresh fecal samples were collected from 24 Procapra picticaudata groups.These samples were analyzed using eight microsatellite loci,namely MB066,HDZ8,and HDZ496 among others.A total of 105 individual Procapra picticaudata were identified.Using gender identification primers,77 females and 28 males were determined subsequently.The results indicated that the eight microsatellite loci exhibited an average allele num⁃ber of 21.125,with an average polymorphic information content of 0.708.The observed heterozygosity(H_(o))ranged from 0.219 to 0.914,averaging 0.645,while the expected heterozygosity(H_(e))varied between 0.265 and 0.937,averaging 0.724.These findings suggested a high level of genetic diversity within the population.However,the inbreeding coefficient was estimated at 0.103,indicating a deficit in heterozygotes and suggesting a potential risk of inbreeding.Furthermore,this study identified 36 parent-offspring dyads involving 57 individuals through parentage testing.The majority of these dy⁃ads(62.5%)were mother-daughter pairs,while the remaining 37.5%involved male individuals(mother-son,fatherdaughter,and father-son relationships).This research provided novel insights and data support for assessing genetic di⁃versity and conducting parentage analysis of Procapra picticaudata populations in the Yangtze River Source Area.This in⁃formation serves as a critical reference for developing effective conservation strategies and measures for Procapra picti⁃caudata.
作者
李其琴
王东
李全邦
杜文晓
连新明
LI Qiqin;WANG Dong;LI Quanbang;DU Wenxiao;LIAN Xinming(School of Life Sciences,Yantai University,Yantai 264006,China;Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota,Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,China;School of Geographical Science,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810016,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics,Xining 810008,China)
出处
《野生动物学报》
北大核心
2025年第4期785-796,共12页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFF1305003)
青海省自然科学与工程技术学科带头人专项资金。
