摘要
“古今中西之争”是近代以来中国思想界认知传统与现代化,以及本土与外来文化两组辩证关系的重要议题,其本质是探索具有中国特征、顺应历史潮流的现代化道路。文章以近代中国对重商主义的阐释为中心,考察时人对“古今中西之争”的破解途径。研究发现:在重商主义传入中国的进程中,“中西之争”表现为重商主义与中国前现代社会自发萌生的“类重商主义”之间的实践差异性,中国学人在对重商主义的概念予以界定澄清后,通过以中释西、以西释中等途径深入挖掘其与“类重商主义”的异同。“古今之争”表现为重商主义被视为旧学而与近代中国的现代化实践发生脱节,中国学人通过重构重商主义在思想与实践层面的连续性,展现出其潜在的时代价值,也为激活中国传统经济思想创造了契机。马克思主义经济学说及其研究范式从唯物史观的深层逻辑出发,揭示出中西经济思想的本质分野,指明了重商主义的历史进步性与局限性,为中国学人理解“古今中西之争”提供了全新的视角和方法。这一阐释过程表明,要真正破解“古今中西之争”、加快构建中国经济学自主知识体系,就要在马克思主义的指导下,既坚持本土经济思想的主体地位,又开放吸纳西学,持续推进中国传统经济思想的现代化转型与应用。
The debate of“ancientness and modernness”“China and the West”have been a crucial issue since modern China.Its essence lies in advancing the modernization of thought to explore a modernization path that is both distinctly indigenous and aligned with historical trends.In the context of the new era,this issue has received more and more attention.Existing research mostly focuses on fields such as philosophy and history,while lacking an investigation based on economics,especially the history of economic thought.This disparity does not align with China’s profound traditional economic thought and ongoing theoretical innovations in economics.This paper focuses on the interpretation of mercantilism in modern China and examines how intellectuals of that time sought solutions to the debate of“ancientness and modernness”“China and the West”.The findings are as follows:(1)The debate of“China and the West”manifests as practical differences between mercantilism and mercantilism-like thoughts in China’s pre-modern society.After clarifying the concept,Chinese scholars explored the similarities and differences between the two by interpreting the West through the lens of China and vice versa.(2)The debate of“ancientness and modernness”manifests in mercantilism being regarded as an outdated doctrine and thus disconnected from Chinese modernization practices.Chinese scholars reconstructed the continuity of mercantilism in both ideological and practical dimensions,revealing its referential value.(3)Based on Historical Materialism,Marxist economic theory and its paradigms point out the historical progress and limitations of mercantilism,providing Chinese academia with a new perspective for understanding the debate.The contributions of this paper are as follows:First,it summarizes the approaches,experiences,and limitations of modern China in resolving the debate of“ancientness and modernness”“China and the West”,providing historical lessons for the present.Second,it specifically examines the significant impact of Marxist theory,demonstrating the value of the“second combination”and highlighting the autonomy and continuity of Chinese economic thought.Third,focusing on the interpretation of mercantilism in modern China,it illustrates the integration of Western economic theories,indigenous traditions,and practical needs,laying a foundation for constructing China’s independent economic knowledge system.
作者
毕悦
张亚光
Bi Yue;Zhang Yaguang(Institute of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;School of Economics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)
出处
《财经研究》
北大核心
2025年第10期140-154,共15页
Journal of Finance and Economics
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(23AZD009)。
关键词
“古今中西之争”
重商主义
西学东渐
现代化
debate of“ancientness and modernness”“China and the West”
mercantilism
Western Learning Spreading to the East
modernization
