摘要
近年来,随着城市化进程的减慢,建筑行业已逐渐由增量发展步入存量发展阶段,老城区的城市更新改造项目呈现上升趋势。以改造项目为契机,逐步改善建筑品质和城市环境是当下城市建设的重要内容。城市更新改造项目主要有困难大、限制多、成本高的典型特点,复杂的现状情况及历史遗留问题导致项目在实施过程中存在很多疑难点,且无例可循、无法可依,给更新改造带来了很大的挑战。本文根据近年来实际参与的多个更新改造项目经验及各地颁布的相关规范政策,对建筑空间设计亮点、消防安全、施工及成本风险等方面的重难点进行了总结和阐述,并提供了相应的解决措施,供相关从业者参考。
In recent years,with the slowdown of the urbanization process,the overall market of the construction industry has gradually shifted from incremental development to stock development.Urban renewal and renovation projects in old urban areas are on the rise.Taking renovation projects as an opportunity to gradually improve building quality and the urban environment is an important part of current urban construction.Urban renewal and renovation projects typically feature great difficulties,numerous restrictions,and high costs.The complex current situations and historical legacy issues have led to many doubtful and difficult points during the project implementation process,where there are no precedents or relevant laws to follow,posing many challenges to the renewal and renovation.Based on the experience of actually participating in multiple renewal and renovation projects in recent years,as well as relevant regulations and policies promulgated in various places,this paper summarizes and elaborates on the key and difficult points in aspects,such as architectural space design highlights,fire safety,construction,and cost risks,and provides some solutions for references by relevant practitioners.Firstly,renovation projects face more stringent constraints than new construction projects.The primary challenge in the design process lies in navigating these limitations and leveraging existing conditions to create new design highlights and distinctive features.For instance,during design,the spatial characteristics of the original building,such as floor height,structural form,and scale,often transform challenging constraints when adapting functionality.Skillfully utilizing these inherent spatial features to transform limitations into advantages can create uniquely distinctive spaces,becoming a major highlight of the project.Simultaneously,the renovation process presents an opportunity to reassess and reorganize the surrounding environmental conditions,potentially even transcending red-line restrictions to achieve spatial integration.This not only resolves the building's external environment issues,but also enhances urban spatial quality.Secondly,bridging the gap between old and new building codes while ensuring safety and eliminating hazards constitutes another major difficulty.During project implementation,a comprehensive assessment and evaluation of the existing fire safety conditions is essential to determine the renovation type as defined by current codes.This requires reassessing the building's external fire safety layout and internal fire protection systems.Measures must be defined across multiple aspects,including site planning,fire compartments and escape routes,and firefighting facilities,in accordance with relevant fire safety codes.The goal is to enhance the fire safety performance of renovated areas and the entire building without compromising safety in nonrenovated zones.Finally,compared to standard new construction projects,renovation projects are inherently more complex and involve greater unforeseen challenges.Therefore,the design and implementation process demands thorough advance consideration of various factors.Special project approval procedures,discrepancies between actual conditions and drawings,and challenging construction operations must all be incorporated into the design scope early on.Renovation projects in China are still in their nascent stage,with certain divergences and differences in policies and practical implementation compared to other countries.As active participants in real-world projects,architects must not only continually delve into relevant design approaches and renovation measures to transform building deficiencies into highlights,but also shoulder the responsibility of promoting the continuous refinement of related regulations and policies.This enables them to contribute to enhancing urban quality and safeguarding people's lives and property.
出处
《当代建筑》
2025年第6期164-167,共4页
Contemporary Architecture
关键词
城市更新
既有建筑改造
消防设计
urban renewal
architectural renovation
fire protection design
