摘要
开放科学导致学术文献的传播渠道和模式的深刻变革,文献老化规律呈现新的特征。以生物医学领域为实证研究对象,综合文献计量学、Altmetrics计量学、数理统计等科学计量学2.0方法,系统研究了文献在以引文为主的传统学术交流和开放科学环境下新型学术交流模式下的传播特征和老化规律。研究发现,不同类型的开放获取论文被引和社会关注度的老化特征和规律不同,科学家和社会公众对知识的传播和利用行为特征不同,预印本的提前发布和开放获取能够加速科学知识在学术共同体和社会公众中的流动;相比其他社交媒体,新闻媒体会更倾向于报道具有权威性和可靠性的期刊论文。在科研范式变革这一时代背景下,本研究能够为相关部门开展学术文献管理、科学发现、技术预见和科研评价提供决策依据.
A new wave of technological revolution is triggering profound changes in research paradigms and organizational models.The gradual integration of open-source software,open access,and open research data into a transformation toward open science is a significant manifestation of this shift.In open science,the dissemination channels and models of academic literature are undergoing profound changes,posing new challenges to the study of literature aging.In the traditional journal-based scientific communication system,the dissemination channels and models of academic literature are mainly identified by tracking the citation behaviors of publishing authors,reflecting their value within the scientific community.In the new scientific communication system shaped by open science,the dimensions that reflect the value of literature have increased,and the influencing factors of its aging have become more complex.The aging of scientific literature in the formal scientific communication system,which is primarily based on citations,need to be re-verified and discussed.The literature aging pattern in the informal scientific communication system based on social media,which has emerged prominently in open science,also need to be explored.From the perspective of open science shaping new forms of scholarly communication,this paper takes the biomedical sciences as a case,and by integrating Scientometrics 2.O methods such as bibliometrics,altmetrics,and mathematical statistics,we systematically study the dissemination characteristics and aging patterns of scholarly literature under formal and informal communication modes.The aim is to provide decision-making references for relevant departments in academic literature management,scientific discovery,technology foresight,and research evaluation.It is found that:(1)In the formal scholarly communication system dominated by journal exchanges,different types of open access papers exhibit varying citation aging characteristics.Open science accelerates the metabolism of knowledge,shortening the cited half life of literature.(2)In the informal scholarly communication system based on social media,compared to citations,the time lag for papers to gain attention on social media is much shorter,and the aging speed is much faster.The preprint exchange model accelerates the dissemination of knowledge to the general public while expanding its reach.(3)Scientists and the general public exhibit different behavioral characteristics in the utilization and dissemination of knowledge.The"early access"and"open access"of preprints can accelerate the use and dissemination of scientific knowledge within the academic community and beyond.After preprints are published in journals,the academic community tends to cite the journal versions.Compared to news mentions,blogs have a higher acceptance of unreviewed science(i.e.bioRxiv preprints);news media are more inclined to report on journal articles with higher reliability,authority,and topicality,but if there are corresponding preprints,they will also include links to expand the dissemination scope.Promoting scientific communication plays a crucial role in advancing interdisciplinary collaboration and knowledge integration,which is essential for fostering disruptive innovation.Open science is driving the transition from the traditional journal-based scientific communication system to a new"preprint-journal"dual system that works in organic collaboration,promoting knowledge sharing and scientific cooperation,and forming a more efficient new research activity paradigm.In the new academic communication model shaped by open science,the public value of science and knowledge production is enhanced,the pace of knowledge turnover accelerates,and the literature aging half-life is shortened.Against the backdrop of changes in the research paradigm,social forces such as the scientific community,universities,scientific journals,research institutions,and academic organizations should collaborate to actively build a high-end academic sharing platform with Chinese characteristics.By improving scientific evaluation mechanisms and intellectual property systems,and encouraging the publication and exchange of scientific research results,we can accelerate the emergence of disruptive scientific achievements.
作者
王智琦
陈悦
袁婷婷
WANG Zhi-qi;CHEN Yue;YUAN Ting-ting(School of Management,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029,China;Institute of Science of Science and S&T Management and WISE Lab,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;Torch High Technology IndustryDevelopment Center of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Beijing 100036,China)
出处
《科学学研究》
北大核心
2025年第11期2336-2349,共14页
Studies in Science of Science
基金
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(22JZD021)
辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目(L24CTQ002)。
关键词
文献老化
开放科学
预印本
科学学
科研范式
literature aging
open science
preprints
science of science
scientific research paradigm
