摘要
“变化”由“变”与“化”两种不同的思想内涵构成,“化”属于天地之自然,而“变”则是人主动的应对。“变化”乃基于“化”而“变”,对变化的认识是以“变”应对“化”,既包含对天地万物自然之化的顺应,同时更有人发挥应变的参与和成就之义。“化”乃天地万物自身的变化,具有“化生”“化成”的含义,在天地只是一个化生,在人则需要分而明之、化而成之。“动”还不是“变”,但“变”离不开“动”,“动”起来才有可能“变”,“变”起来才有可能“通”。关于“变动”与“变通”的论说丰富了“变”的意蕴,也使得《周易》中的变化观念更多地突显了人的主宰与成就这一方面的思想内涵。一面“明于天之道”,一面“察于民之故”,圣人由变化而教化,“功业见乎变”必然进乎“化成天下”,意味着安顿天下百姓的功业与天地化生万物相合。
The concept of"bianhua"(change)is composed of two distinct yet interrelated notions:"bian"(alteration)and"hua"(transformation)."Hua"pertains to the spontaneous processes of nature-the transformations of heaven and earth-while"bian"represents the conscious and active responses of human beings.Thus,change arises from transformation and is realized through alteration.To understand change is to respond to the transformations of nature with active adaptation:it entails both compliance with the natural transformations of all things and the assertion of human participation,responsiveness,and accomplishment.Transformation denotes the self-transforming activity of heaven,earth and the myriad things,encompassing the meanings of natural generation and natural completion.In the cosmos,transformation only manifests as spontaneous generation,whereas in human life it requires discernment,clarification,and deliberate realization.Movement in itself is not yet change,but change cannot occur without movement;only through movement does change become possible,and only through change can there be communication and harmony.The discussions of change-movement and change-communication further enrich the meaning of"change",highlighting the human dimension of initiative and accomplishment within the Yijing's conception of change.On the one hand,the sage is"enlightened regarding the Dao of Heaven";on the other,he"observes the conditions of the people."Therefore,the sage brings about edification to common people through change.His achievements are manifested through change,and ultimately consummated in the harmonization of the world,in which the ordering of human society corresponds with the generative and transformative processes of heaven and earth.
出处
《周易研究》
北大核心
2025年第5期58-67,共10页
Studies of Zhouyi
关键词
变
化
变化
《系辞》
alternation
transformation
change
Xici
