摘要
地区间技能溢价水平差异决定劳动力流动的技能结构,对地区经济的整体增长至关重要。数字技术应用不仅带来了劳动力需求结构的调整,也打破了劳动力就业的空间限制,进而可能在直接影响技能溢价的同时抑制技能溢价对劳动力技能结构的分化作用。本文基于2013年至2018年中国流动人口动态监测(CMDS)数据,在测算城市技能溢价水平的基础上,建立城市层面劳动力技能结构决定的一般线性模型、面板固定效应模型和个体层面劳动力流动选择的条件Logit模型,实证检验城市技能溢价对流动劳动力技能结构的影响,并讨论了数字技术应用在其中发挥的作用。研究结果表明:技能溢价是影响城市劳动力技能结构的核心因素,高技能溢价地区对高技能劳动力的吸引力更强;数字技术应用不仅直接降低技能溢价水平进而弱化技能结构分化,而且减弱了技能溢价对流动劳动力技能结构的影响,抑制城市劳动力技能结构的分化趋势,有助于地区的均衡发展。本文的研究为缓解当前技能溢价地区差异的扩大、优化劳动力技能结构提供了可行性破解思路。
Differences in the level of the skill premium between regions determine the skill structure of labor mobility and are critical to the overall growth of regional economies.The ap⁃plication of digital technology not only brings about adjustments in the structure of labor de⁃mand but also breaks down the spatial limitations of labor employment,which in turn may in⁃hibit the differentiating effect of the skill premium on the skill structure of the labor force while directly affecting the skill premium.Based on the data of China Migrants Dynamic Survey(CMDS)from 2013 to 2018,this paper establishes a general linear model and a panel data fixed effects model for determining the skill structure of labor force at the city level and a con⁃ditional Logit model for the choice of labor mobility at the individual level based on the meas⁃urement of the level of urban skill premium,empirically examines the impact of urban skill premium on the skill structure of migrant labor force and discusses the role played by the appli⁃cation of digital technology in this regard.The results of the study show that the skill premium is the core factor influencing the skill structure of the urban labor force,and regions with high skill premium are more attractive to the high⁃skilled labor force;the application of digital tech⁃nology not only directly reduces the level of skill premium to weaken the differentiation of skill structure,but also weakens the impact of skill premium on the skill structure of migrant labor force,suppresses the tendency of skill structure differentiation of labor force in city,and con⁃tributes to balanced development of the region.The research in this paper provides a feasible solution to alleviate the widening of regional differences in skill premium and optimise the skill structure of labor force.
作者
郭凤鸣
王梓飒
杨志颖
Guo Fengming;Wang Zisa;Yang Zhiying(Center for Quantitative Economics,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China;School of Business and Management,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)
出处
《数量经济研究》
2025年第4期65-82,共18页
The Journal of Quantitative Economics
基金
国家社科基金项目“零工经济下基于适度劳动的高质量就业实现机制和政策路径研究”(24BJY178)的资助。
关键词
劳动力流动
技能溢价
技能结构
数字技术应用
Labor Mobility
Skills Premium
Skills Structure
Digital Technology Adoption
