摘要
作为数智时代赋能政务智能化转型的关键技术,大模型嵌入政务系统的应用场景和能力边界持续拓展,推动“信息即服务”“平台即服务”向“模型即服务”的政务形态跃迁。以DeepSeek为代表的大模型具备良好的本地化部署能力和“二次开发”潜力,在针对具体政务场景实现定制训练与融合应用的同时,也在模型部署、训练与应用层面引发结构性、多维度数据安全风险。具体表现为,模型部署层的技术原生性和场景伴生性数据安全风险,模型训练层的训练数据来源和内容安全风险,模型应用层的显性和隐性数据安全风险。从根本上看,上述风险深度嵌套于政务系统对大模型技术应用的接纳之中。对此,基于TOE框架构建“技术加固—组织协同—环境优化”的三维治理机制,提出在强化技术自主可控的基础上,构建多元协同的组织体系与包容审慎的监管环境,实现鼓励创新与风险规制之间的价值平衡。
As a key technology empowering the transformation of government intelligence in the era of digital intelligence,the application scenarios and capability boundaries of embedding large models into government systems continue to expand,promoting the transition from“Information as a Service”and“Platform as a Service”to“Model as a Service”government forms.Large models represented by DeepSeek have good localization deployment capabilities and the potential for“secondary development”.While customizing training and integrating applications for specific government scenarios,they also pose structural and multidimensional data security risks at the model deployment,training,and application levels.Specifically,it manifests as technical endogeneity and scenario associated data security risks at the model deployment level,training data sources and content security risks at the model training level,and explicit and implicit data security risks at the model application level.Fundamentally,the above-mentioned risks are deeply embedded in the government system's acceptance of the application of large model technology.Based on the TOE framework,a three-dimensional governance model of“technology reinforcement organizational collaboration environmental optimization”is constructed,proposing to build a diversified collaborative organizational system and an inclusive and prudent regulatory environment on the basis of strengthening technological autonomy and controllability,achieving a value balance between encouraging innovation and risk regulation.
作者
王正超
Wang Zhengchao(School of Law,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China)
出处
《中国科技论坛》
北大核心
2025年第11期151-160,共10页
Forum on Science and Technology in China
基金
国家社会科学基金重大专项“行政执法裁量权基准和标准跨区域衔接研究”(24ZDA067)
江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划“基层综合行政执法改革背景下的‘数事并罚’研究”(KYCX25_0405)。
关键词
政务大模型
数据安全
技术治理
科技政策
TOE框架
Government large model
Data security
Technical governance
Technology policy
TOE framework
