摘要
为了解我国饲料原料及配合饲料中霉菌毒素污染现状,随机抽取了国内17省市(区)的玉米、玉米副产物、小麦及其副产物、杂粕和全价配合饲料共1071个样品,采用免疫亲和柱-高效液相色谱法测定了样品中黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)、玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)和呕吐毒素(DON)的含量。检测结果表明:玉米、玉米副产物、小麦及其副产物、杂粕和全价配合饲料中AFB1检出率分别为94.89%、96.38%、100.00%、100.00%和100.00%,超标率分别为8.94%、5.43%、3.56%、18.28%和11.11%;ZEN的检出率分别为95.74%、100.00%、100.00%、83.87%和100.00%,超标率分别达到11.49%、30.77%、15.56%、3.23%和15.15%;DON的检出率分别为97.45%、100.00%、100.00%、94.62%和100.00%,超标率分别达到6.38%、16.74%、15.56%、0.00%和12.12%。综合来看,杂粕易受AFB1污染,玉米副产物受ZEN和DON污染比较严重,配合饲料受3种霉菌毒素污染均比较严重,应重点关注对杂粕、玉米副产物和全价配合饲料中霉菌毒素的污染防控。
In order to comprehend the prevalence of mycotoxin contamination in raw materials and compound feeds in China,a comprehensive study was conducted on 1071 random samples which were selected from 17 provinces and cities in China.The samples included corn,corn by-products,wheat and its byproducts,meal and complete compound feeds.The levels of the samples for the presence of aflatoxin(AFB1),zearalenone(ZEN)and deoxynivalenol(DON)were analysed using immunoaffinity column-high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The results showed that the detection rates of AFB1 in corn,corn by-products,wheat and its by-products,meal and complete compound feeds were 94.89%,96.38%,100.00%,100.00%and 100.00%,with the exceedance rates of 8.94%,5.43%,3.56%,18.28%and 11.11%,respectively;the detection rates of ZEN in the corresponding samples were 95.74%,100.00%,100.00%,100.00%,83.87%and 100.00%,with the exceedance rates reaching 11.49%,30.77%,15.56%,3.23%and 15.15%;the detection rates of DON were 97.45%,100.00%,100.00%,94.62%and 100.00%,with the exceedance rates reaching 6.38%,16.74%,15.56%,0.00%and 12.12%,respectively.A comprehensive view of the data indicates that oil seed meals are susceptible to AFB1 contamination,corn by-products are more seriously contaminated by ZEN and DON,and meal are more seriously contaminated by three kinds of mycotoxins.It is therefore essential to pay close attention to the prevention and control of mycotoxin contamination in oil seed meals,corn by-products and meal.
作者
雷元培
周建川
郑文革
计成
齐莎日娜
LEI Yuanpei;ZHOU Jianchuan;ZHENG Wenge;JI Cheng;QI Sharina(Henan Trillion-Zhongyuan Bio-Sin Co.,Ltd.,Henan Zhengzhou 451191,China;Techlex Food Co.,Ltd.,Sichuan Chengdu 610000,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,Beijing 100193,China;Sichuan Sundaily Farm Ecological Food Co.,Ltd.,Sichuan Mianyang 622150,China)
出处
《饲料工业》
北大核心
2025年第22期160-164,共5页
Feed Industry
基金
国家重点研发计划项目[2023YFD1301003]。
