摘要
目前传统激光清洗技术在金属表面漆层去除过程中存在清洗效率低下、清洗效果有限及基体完整性难以控制等问题。通过创新性地采用连续-脉冲复合多体制激光清洗方法,显著提升清洗效率并实现对基体表面形性的精确控制。主要研究连续-脉冲复合激光对AZ31B镁合金表面漆层的清洗效果,并探讨不同激光功率组合、扫描速度和扫描间距对基体表面微观形貌演化的影响。试验结果表明,在“连续激光功率90 W+脉冲激光功率30 W”、扫描速度3 m/s、扫描间距0.06 mm工艺参数组配下,能够高效、无损地去除镁合金表面漆层,通过调整激光清洗工艺参数,能有效控制基体表面毛化、重熔及微结构化等表面微观形貌状态。借助高速摄像机和热红外监测设备,进一步揭示多体制激光清洗过程中热效应、力效应和等离子体冲击等多效应耦合作用机制。研究结果可为镁合金表面漆层的优质高效清洗及其基体表面微观形貌的工艺控制提供有力支撑。
In the field of industrial production,traditional cleaning technologies,which include mechanical friction,high-pressure water jet,chemical reagents,and ultrasonic cleaning,can no longer meet the current high standard requirements for product surface quality.Laser cleaning technology exhibits high efficiency,non-contact,and environmental protection,and its advantages of high precision and no pollution,make it show great application potential in the field of metal surface treatment.In this study,the continuous-pulse composite multibody laser cleaning method is innovatively adopted,which aims at significantly improving the cleaning efficiency and accurately controlling the surface morphology of the substrate.The cleaning effect of the continuous-pulse composite laser on the surface paint layer of Az31B magnesium alloy was evaluated,and the effects of different laser power combinations,scanning speed,and scanning spacing on the micro-morphology of the substrate surface were analyzed.The experimental results indicate that the paint layer cannot be effectively removed when the laser power is too low or the scanning speedand spacing are too large.However,the surface of the substrate may be damaged when the laser power is too high or the scanningspeed and spacing are too small.Based on the pre-experimental results,we determined six paint removal parameters with differentlaser powers under the conditions of scanning speed of 3000 mm/s and scanning interval of 0.06 mm.The test and analysis resultsshow that the paint layer on the surface of magnesium alloy can be removed efficiently and without damage to the surface ofmagnesium alloy substrate under the combination of the process parameters of"continuous laser power of 90 W+pulsed laser powerof 3o w".We observed that different laser power combinations can form various micro-morphology states on the substrate surface byadjusting the laser cleaning process parameters such as surface remelting morphology under the process parameter combination of"continuous laser power 10o W+pulsed laser power 35 W",microstructure surface morphology under the process parametercombination of"continuous laser power 110 W+pulsed laser power 40 w"and"continuous laser power 120 W+pulsed laser power45 W".In this study,advanced equipment such as optical microscope(OM),scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy dispersivespectrometer(EDS),laser confocal microscope(LSCM),and Fourier infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)were used to analyze themicro-morphology,composition,and surface roughness of the substrate surface after cleaning.This revealed that different laser powercombinations had an important effect on the evolution of the substrate surface morphology.With the help of high-speed camera andthermal infrared equipment,we monitored the paint layer on the surface of magnesium alloy by multisystem laser cleaning in realtime,which further revealed the multieffect coupling mechanism such as a thermal effect,mechanical effect,and plasma impact in theprocess of multisystem laser cleaning,providing a strong support for the high-quality and efficient cleaning of the paint layer on thesurface of magnesium alloy and the process control of the micromorphology of the substrate surface.In this study,a new type ofcontinuous-pulse composite laser cleaning technology was successfully developed,which significantly improved the cleaningefficiency and realized the accurate control of the micro-morphology of the substrate surface.The development of this technologyprovides a new direction for the progress of metal surface treatment technology,and it has important industrial application value inimproving cleaning efficiency and surface quality control.This study not only improves the cleaning efficiency,but also provides anew idea for developing a magnesium alloy surface treatment technology,which has important scientific significance and anapplication prospect for developing metal surface treatment technology.
作者
郑万庆
王思捷
李哲
王忠龙
殷凤仕
ZHENG Wanqing;WANG Sijie;LI Zhe;WANG Zhonglong;YIN Fengshi(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China;National Engineering Research Center for Remanufacturing of Mechanical Products,Army Academy of Armored Forces,Beijing 100072,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China)
出处
《中国表面工程》
北大核心
2025年第5期264-275,共12页
China Surface Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(52275226)
北京市自然科学基金(3222022)。
关键词
多体制激光
激光清洗
表面除漆
微观形貌
机理分析
multi-system laser
laser cleaning
surface paint removal
micro-morphology
mechanism analysis
