摘要
中国共产党长期以来高度重视“直过民族”的传统治理资源,这是因地制宜助推“直过民族”现代化的重要内生性资源。传统治理资源能够古为今用,关键在于现代转化;而推动其现代转化的重要理论逻辑,则是中国式治理现代化。中国式治理现代化从国家与社会互动关系逻辑出发,为解读传统治理资源现代转化逻辑提供了全新的分析视域。中国式治理现代化赋予传统文化“现代力量”,而传统文化又反过来推进中国式治理现代化。通过对澜沧拉祜族自治县L乡M村的长时段田野调查发现,“直过民族”传统的组织资源、习俗资源与价值资源在中国式治理现代化进程中的现代转化极具典型性与创造性。通过现代“转型”、结构“再生”、文化“互融”、社会“协同”等方式,“直过民族”传统治理资源焕发出全新的时代生命力,成为“基层治理的协同力”“政治社会化的内生力”“传播主流价值的涵养力”,全面助力基层治理现代化。
The Communist Party of China has long attached great importance to and utilized the traditional governance resources of the"Zhi Guo ethnic group",which serve as significant endogenous resources for promoting the modernization of these ethnic groups in accordance with local conditions.The reason traditional governance resources can be applied in the present lies in their modern transformation.The important theoretical logic to promote their modern transformation is the Chinese governance modernization.From the logic of interactive relationship between state and society in the process of Chinese"modern national construction",Chinese governance modernization provides a new analytical field of view for interpreting the modern transformation logic of excellent traditional governance resources.It is the modernization of Chinese governance that endows traditional culture with"modern power",while the traditional culture in turn endows Chinese governance modernization with"profound heritage".These excellent traditional governance resources,after undergoing modern transformation,are not only important endogenous cultural resources that preserve historical heritage and foster cultural continuity,but also active resources for collaborative governance,as well as valuable assets for development and border defense.The village of M,inhabited by the Lahu ethnic group in Lancang County along the China-Myanmar border and on the banks of the Lancang River,serves as a typical case study demonstrating the creative transformation of traditional governance resources related to the"Zhi Guo ethnic group".Its significance lies not only in the preservation of traditional governance resources but also in their modern transformation and innovation,as well as in their effectiveness in advancing the modernization of the"Zhi Guo ethnic group".The traditional organizational,customary and value-based resources of the"Zhi Guo ethnic group"have exhibited remarkable creativity and representativeness in the process of modern transformation process within the context of China's modern state-building.It is through the practice of"transforming traditional social structures"and"constructing a modern society"that the traditional culture is objectively propelled to evolve while being preserved.Under the leadership of the Party,a specific governance logic has emerged:the reconstruction of the national system serves as the institutional logic for the creative transformation of Lahu traditional governance resources;the reshaping of political concepts acts as the cultural logic for this transformation;and the modern construction of the Chinese nation provides the relational logic for the creative transformation of Lahu traditional governance resources.After the founding of the People's Republic of China,the construction of a modern nation-state established a new political relationship based on equality among people,which directly influenced the survival and structural characteristics of the traditional social organization of the Lahu ethnic group.This led to a transformation from a preliminary hierarchical structure to a flat structure.Under the leadership of primary-level Party organizations,traditional culture has been utilized to play a role in collaborative governance.In the process of modernization,traditional customs and resources have continuously adapted to the development of modern society,achieving a form of"rebirth".Among these,traditional etiquette and customs have been revitalized in both content and form,while ancient rules and village regulations have been"transformed"and"integrated",thus gaining a new vitality in the modern era.Particularly at its core cultural level,profound meaning is embedded within the original"New Year ritual",which is deeply intertwined with longstanding identification with Ka Xie(a sub-ethnic group),as well as national identity and Chinese ethnic identity that are consistently reinforced.The"New Year ritual"vividly exemplifies the evolution of Lahu values:transitioning from traditional identification with Ka Xie(a sub-ethnic group)towards national identity;and shifting from conventional ethnic identity towards Chinese ethnic identity.Within an institutional framework provided by a modern nation-state,Lahu's traditional governance resources undergo continuous transformation and innovation during the processes of inheritance.The"social revolution"in the construction of modern China encompasses not only the transformation of traditional local power and political identities but also the transformation of traditional political culture.After the founding of the People's Republic of China,under the guidance and support of the Party and the state,the Lahu people in Lancang County transitioned directly from a primitive society to a socialist society.During this direct transition,the primitive democratic consciousness of the Lahu people's economy and society has continuously fostered the awakening of their"subject consciousness".This awakening,to a significant extent,has enabled the Lahu people to develop new forms of democratic consciousnesses,such as rights consciousness,civic consciousness,and freedom consciousness,building upon their primitive democratic foundations.Additionally,the Lahu people's awareness of the rule of law has gradually adapted to socialism under state guidance,This is evidenced in their increasing recognition and acceptance of national law,which complements traditional customary law,as well as in the refinement and innovation of traditional customary law guided by the principles of modern rule of law.In the context of the modern nation-state era,modern concepts and legal awareness are gradually being integrated into the ideological framework of the Lahu people.It is precisely these emerging modern democratic and legal consciousnesses,among other political psychologies,that have directly influenced the political life of the Lahu people,and have driven the historical process of modern state construction.The"Zhi Guo"ethnic group has advanced modernization by adapting to local conditions through"structural regeneration"and"modern implantation"under the leadership of the Party.After continuous transformation and innovation,the Ka Xie(a sub-ethnic group)organization has not only become a positive collaborative force in maintaining the public order and customs of the Lahu ethnic rural areas but also an important civil force for border defense,transforming traditional organizational resources into"synergistic forces for grassroots governance".Lahu rituals,as an integral part of traditional governance with deep historical heritage and rich moral connotations,often embody numerous contemporary values and ethical ideals.They serve as a crucial medium for reshaping rural civilization during modern transformations.As an endogenous force for political socialization,they have become an important cultural resource for fostering socialist core values,strengthening the consciousness of the Chinese national community,and promoting rural modern civilization from in terms of spatial,public,commonal,and identificational dimensions,thus becoming the"endogenous force for political socialization".The traditional values of the Lahu ethnic group are also continuously evolving through inheritance,not only revitalizing the vitality of Lahu traditional culture but also becoming an important source for nurturing socialist core values,thus serving as the"nourishing force for spreading mainstream values".
作者
廖林燕
Liao Linyan(School of Government,Yunnan University,Kunming,Yunnan)
出处
《政治人类学评论》
2025年第1期1-60,I0005,322-326,共66页
Political Anthropology Review
基金
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“习近平总书记关于边疆治理重要论述研究”(项目编号:22JZD003)资助。
关键词
拉祜族
“直过民族”
传统治理资源
中国共产党领导
基层治理现代化
Lahu ethnic group
"Zhi Guo ethnic group"
traditional governance resources
leadership of the Communist Party of China
the modernization of grassroots governance
