摘要
油茶(Camellia oleifera)作为我国特色木本油料资源,其加工剩余物(果壳、饼粕、枝叶)的资源化利用对生物质精炼与循环经济发展具有重要意义.油茶加工剩余物中富含木质纤维及油茶皂素、蛋白、多糖、多酚等活性组分,但因多组分交互作用显著、提取分离效率低,传统技术难以实现全质转化.本文按照油茶加工剩余物的分类体系归纳现有活性成分提取分离技术及衍生产品的研究进展,综述了油茶皂素、蛋白质、多酚、多糖等天然产物的结构特征、提取工艺、加工技术及其产品应用,深入剖析油茶加工剩余物高值化综合利用面临的挑战,提出了针对性解决策略及未来发展方向,以期为拓宽油茶副产物深加工利用途径,带动油茶种植、采收、加工全产业链可持续发展提供理论指导.
Camellia oleifera,as a characteristic woody oil resource in China,has significant implications for the development of biomass refining and circular economy through the resource utilization of its processing residues(fruit shells,cake meal,branches and leaves).These residues are rich in lignocellulose and active components such as saponins,proteins,polysaccharides,and polyphenols.However,due to the significant interaction among multiple components and low extraction and separation efficiency,traditional technologies are difficult to achieve full quality transformation.This paper summarizes the current research progress on the extraction and separation technologies of active components and derivative products of Camellia oleifera processing residues based on their classification system.It reviews the structural characteristics,extraction processes,processing technologies,and product applications of natural products such as saponins,proteins,polyphenols,and polysaccharides.It also deeply analyzes the challenges faced in the high-value utilization of Camellia oleifera processing residues and proposes targeted solutions and future development directions,with the aim of providing theoretical guidance for expanding the deep processing and utilization of Camellia oleifera by-products and promoting the sustainable development of the entire industry chain from planting,harvesting to processing.
作者
张静
张舒怡
周妙
刘力恒
林剑飞
贺璐
张骥
范国荣
彭大勇
陈尚钘
ZHANG Jing;ZHANG ShuYi;ZHOU Miao;LIU LiHeng;LIN JianFei;HE Lu;ZHANG Ji;FAN GuoRong;PENG DaYong;CHEN ShangXing(National Engineering Research Center for Woody Spices(East China),Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Native Tree Species Breeding and Efficient Utilization,College of Forestry,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;School of New Energy Science and Engineering,Xinyu University,Xinyu 338004,China)
出处
《中国科学:生命科学》
北大核心
2025年第11期2250-2267,共18页
Scientia Sinica(Vitae)
基金
中央引导地方科技发展专项资金(批准号:20241ZDF02086)
江西省重点研发计划(批准号:20233BBF64006)
江西省林业局油茶专项(批准号:YCYJZX(2023)321)
江西省林业局科技创新项目(批准号:创新专项[2024]3号)
江西省自然科学基金(批准号:20242BAB25387)资助。
关键词
油茶果壳
油茶饼粕
提取分离技术
高值化应用
应用前景
Camellia oleifera fruit shells
Camellia oleifera cake meal
extraction and separation technology
high-value application
application prospects
