摘要
中国自隋唐起就实行科举取士制度,诗赋考试是其中重要科目,其音韵标准是陆法言《切韵》。其后宋金元编写了《礼部韵略》,但宋金《礼部韵略》在编排上略有不同,二者不可混淆。元朝《礼部韵略》承袭金朝,清朝科举韵书为《佩文诗韵》,其编写采用的是《韵府群玉》诗韵体系,所以与金代“平水韵”为同一个系统。与宋对峙的还有契丹辽和党项族西夏及后来的女真金等,他们也实行科举考试,本文就这些民族的复杂关系及其文化背景做了深度的历史发掘,可填补此类研究之空白。同时论文对日本、朝鲜和越南等之科举制度及其韵书也做了深入的研究。中国历史上科举韵书《礼部韵略》不仅在人才选拔制度上发挥了应有的作用,而且在中华民族的形成、融合和不断发展上,发挥了巨大的历史作用,功不可没。本文立足文史考证,详细论述了各个历史时期科举文化与科举韵书的产生及其源流发展,其中对唐五代后契丹辽国、党项羌西夏、女真金和蒙古元以及清朝科举取士及相关科举韵书等,都做了深度的发掘,填补了中国科举文化史的缺失。
Since the Sui and Tang dynasties,China has practiced the imperial examination system for the admission of scholars,and the poetry and fugue examination is one of the important subjects,whose rhyme scheme is based on Lu Fayan's Qieyun.Later,the Song,Jin,and Yuan dynasties compiled the Libuyunlue,which is not to be confused with the Song-Jin arrangement system,which is slightly different in its organization.The Yuan dynasty Libuyunlue inherited from the Jin dynasty,and the Qing dynasty's imperial rhyme book was Peiwenshiyun,which was compiled using the rhyme system of Yunfuqunyu,so it was a same system as the Jin dynasty's“Pingshui rhyme”The Song was confronted by the Khitan ethnic group of Liao kingdom and the Danghan ethnic group of Xixia kingdom,who also practiced the imperial examinations.This paper provides an in-depth historical exploration of these complex relationships between these peoples and their cultural backgrounds,and fills in the gaps in this kind of research.At the same time,the paper also makes an in-depth study of the imperial examination system and rhyme books in Japan,Korea and Vietnam.Libuyunlue,the rhyme book of the imperial examinations in Chinese history,has not only played role in the talent selection system,but also played a great historical role in the formation,integration and continuous development of the Chinese nation.Based on documentary and historical evidences,this paper discusses in detail the origins and development of the imperial examinations culture and imperial examinations rhymes in various historical periods,including the Khitan ethnic group of Liao kingdom and the Danghan ethnic group of Xixia kingdom,the Jurchen of Jin kingdom,and the Mongol Yuan dynasty,which exist after the Tang and Five Dynasties.which have been deeply discovered and have filled in the gap in the Chinese imperial examinations culture history.
出处
《中国语言学研究》
2025年第1期72-140,274,275,共71页
Journal of Studies on Languages in China
基金
国家社科基金冷门绝学专项“元代《礼部韵略》系韵书文献整理与研究”(19WYB033)阶段性成果。
关键词
科举韵书
诗赋考试
《礼部韵略》
源流发展
民族共同体
Imperial examinations rhymes
Poetry and Fugue Examinations
Libuyunlue
Development of Origin and Flows
National Commonwealth
